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Questions and Answers
What is the primary purpose of sterilisation in food processing?
What is the typical temperature range for UHT treatment?
What is a characteristic of UHT treatment?
What is a common application of UHT treatment?
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What is a benefit of sterilisation in food processing?
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What is the primary reason for the deterioration of food during storage?
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What is an example of a biochemical change in food?
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What is the result of microbial changes in food?
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What is the primary way to consume foods while they are fresh?
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What is an example of a physical change in food?
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Study Notes
Sterilisation
- Destroys all germs and pathogenic bacteria in their vegetative and sporulated form
- Temperature during the process is higher than 100°C
- Enables product stabilization at room temperature with a long shelf life (from a few months to a few years)
- Examples of sterilized products: canned fish, babyfood in jars, canned or jarred vegetables, sauces in pouches, bottled milks, pet food in pouches, in trays, babyfood in pouches
UHT Sterilisation
- Involves a very short heat treatment at a temperature of approximately 140°C (135-150°C) for only a few seconds
- Results in a sterilised product with minimal heat damage to the product properties
- Only possible in flow-through equipment
- Product is sterilised before being transferred to pre-sterilised containers in a sterile atmosphere
- Example: UHT milk
Food Deterioration
- During ordinary storage, food can undergo decay, leading to unusability and loss of quality
- The main reasons for food deterioration are:
- Water
- Air
- Light
- Temperature
- Enzymes
- Inorganic catalysts (such as traces of metals)
- Microorganisms
Types of Changes
- Physical Changes:
- Swelling
- Shrinkage
- Loss of volatiles
- Chemical Changes:
- Oxidation in fats
- Browning reactions
- Biochemical Changes:
- Fat cleavage by LIPASES
- Breakdown of proteins by PROTEASES
- Enzymatic oxidation by PHENOLASES
- Microbial Changes:
- Fermentation
- Moldiness
- Rottenness
- Formation of mycotoxins (e.g., aflatoxin)
Importance of Fresh Consumption
- Consuming food while it is fresh is ideal
- However, it can be challenging due to seasonal overabundance of certain foods
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Description
Learn about the sterilisation process, its importance in food preservation, and its applications in various products. Discover how sterilisation ensures a long shelf life for products.
