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Stem vs. Root: Understanding the Differences

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Stem vs. Root: Understanding the Differences

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Questions and Answers

What are the distinguishing features of a stem compared to a root?

The stem is the ascending part of the axis bearing branches, leaves, flowers, and fruits. It develops from the plumule of the embryo of a germinating seed. The stem bears nodes and internodes, and it conducts water, minerals, and photosynthates.

What are nodes and internodes in a stem?

Nodes are the regions of the stem where leaves are born, while internodes are the portions between two nodes.

What are the functions of a stem?

The main function of the stem is spreading out branches bearing leaves, flowers, and fruits. It also conducts water, minerals, and photosynthates, and some stems perform the function of storage of food, support, protection, and vegetative propagation.

How does the appearance of the stem change as it matures?

<p>The stem is generally green when young and later often becomes woody and dark brown.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Stem Characteristics

A stem is distinguished from a root by its ability to bear leaves, flowers, and fruits
Stems have nodes, which are the points where leaves are attached, and internodes, which are the areas between nodes
Nodes are responsible for producing new stems, leaves, and roots

Stem Functions

Supports and elevates leaves to facilitate photosynthesis
Transports water, minerals, and nutrients from roots to leaves
Stores food and water
Produces new stems, leaves, and roots at nodes

Stem Maturation

Young stems are green, flexible, and herbaceous
As stems mature, they become woody, fibers develop, and the stem becomes rigid and brown
Maturation process involves lignification, where cell walls become impregnated with lignin, a complex organic compound

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Description

Test your knowledge on the features that distinguish a stem from a root. Learn about the characteristics of stems including nodes, internodes, and buds, and how they differ from roots.