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Questions and Answers
Where are adult stem cells primarily found?
What distinguishes stem cells from progenitor cells?
What is the developmental stage when roughly 50–150 cells make up the inner cell mass in mammals?
What do embryonic stem cells become when isolated and cultured in vitro?
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What do adult stem cells differentiate into?
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What are the main functions of a stem in a vascular plant?
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What is the main purpose of the nodes on a stem?
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What is the term used to describe fresh plant growth including both stems and other structures like leaves or flowers?
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Where are stems usually located in most plants?
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What is the normal lifespan of plant cells in stems?
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Study Notes
Stem Cells and Their Properties
- Adult stem cells are primarily found in tissues such as bone marrow, adipose tissue, and certain organs like the liver.
- Stem cells are undifferentiated cells capable of self-renewal and differentiation, whereas progenitor cells are more specialized and have a limited capacity for self-renewal.
Developmental Stages in Mammals
- The inner cell mass in mammals consists of approximately 50–150 cells at the blastocyst stage of development.
Embryonic Stem Cells
- When embryonic stem cells are isolated and cultured in vitro, they can differentiate into various cell types, allowing for potential applications in regenerative medicine.
Differentiation of Adult Stem Cells
- Adult stem cells can differentiate into specialized cell types corresponding to the tissue in which they reside, such as muscle, nerve, or blood cells.
Plant Stems and Their Functions
- Stems in vascular plants serve several main functions, including supporting leaves and flowers, transporting nutrients and water between roots and leaves, and storing energy.
Nodes on Stems
- Nodes on a stem are crucial as they are the points from which leaves and branches emerge, playing a critical role in plant growth and structure.
Plant Growth Terminology
- The term used to describe fresh plant growth, which includes stems alongside leaves and flowers, is "shoot growth."
Location and Lifespan of Plant Stems
- Stems are typically located above the ground, serving as the main structural framework of the plant.
- The normal lifespan of plant cells in stems can vary widely but generally allows for growth and regeneration throughout the plant's life cycle.
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Description
Test your knowledge about the properties and functions of stem cells in multicellular organisms. Learn about their ability to differentiate into various cell types and their presence in both embryonic and adult organisms.
