Stellar Nucleosynthesis

Physical Science Presentation Notes

• The presentation is about Physical Science, taught by Danica G. Tan.
• A prayer is part of the opening of the presentation.
• A good morning message is part of the opening
• An energizer activity is included.
• Classroom rules are outlined, including respect for the teacher and classmates, following instructions, avoiding unnecessary movement and noise, raising hands to speak, and no cell phones allowed.
• The presentation covers Week 1, focusing on the formulation of new elements and synthesis of new elements in the laboratory.
• The most essential learning competency involves giving evidence and describing the formation of heavier elements and explaining the concept of atomic number leading to the synthesis of new elements.
• Objectives include defining stellar nucleosynthesis, describing heavier elements' formation, and explaining how atomic number impacts element synthesis.
• An introductory activity (Jumbled Cosmic Formation) is present, with jumbled words to be put in order. The words are Big Bang, Star, Atomic, Red Giant, and Proton.
• The presentation also includes questions such as familiarity with BTS, Sarah Geronimo, and Blackpink
• The presentation touches on elements formed during a star's life cycle. Topics include Big Bang nucleosynthesis
• Stellar nucleosynthesis creates elements within stars through combining protons and neutrons.
• Fusion inside stars changes hydrogen into helium, releasing heat and radiation. Heavier elements also form as stars die.
• The life cycle of a star is shown graphically. Stages include nebula, protostar, red giant, black hole, supernova, black dwarf, white dwarf, neutron star, red supergiant, and the main sequence star.
• Nuclear fusion combines nuclei to form heavier nuclei.
• The explanation of atomic number and its relation to the number of protons in the nucleus is provided.
• The presentation details the significance of Henry Moseley's X-ray spectroscopy in determining atomic numbers and introducing the periodic table arrangement according to atomic numbers.
• The presentation emphasizes the process of transmutation, where elements are created in the lab through neutron capture.
• Particle accelerators are crucial for overcoming repulsive forces to synthesize heavier elements for example, the synthesis of element Technetium using a linear particle accelerator.
• The presentation highlights Edwin McMillan's contribution to creating element 93.
• Transuranic elements are those with atomic numbers greater than 92. Uranium has atomic number 92.
• Superheavy elements have atomic numbers greater than 103.
• The presentation covers classroom rules, objectives, a jumbled word activity, and topics related to stellar nucleosynthesis and element formation.
• The presentation also provides a review of significant processes such as Proton-Proton chain reaction, CNO cycle, Tri alpha process, Alpha ladder process, and Neutron capture.