Statistics Chapter 1 Test Flashcards

A collection of methods for planning experiments, obtaining data, and then organizing, summarizing, presenting, analyzing, interpreting, and drawing conclusions based on the data.

The complete collection of all elements (scores, people, measurements, etc.) to be studied.

The collection of data from every element in a population.

<p>A subcollection of elements drawn from a population.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A numerical measurement describing some characteristic of a population.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A numerical measurement describing some characteristic of a sample.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Data that consist of numbers representing counts or measurements.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Data that can be separated into different categories distinguished by some non-numeric characteristic.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Data that result from either a finite number or a countable number of possible values.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Data that result from many possible values associated with points on a continuous scale.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Data that consist of names, labels, or categories only, without any inherent ordering.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Data that may be arranged in some order, but the differences between data values are not meaningful.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Data where meaningful amounts of differences can be determined, but there is no natural zero starting point.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Interval level data that includes an inherent zero starting point, making both differences and ratios meaningful.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A survey in which the respondents themselves decide whether to be included.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A study in which specific characteristics are observed and measured without manipulating the subjects.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A method where treatment is applied, and the effects on subjects are observed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>When the effects from two or more variables cannot be distinguished from each other.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A sample where members of the population are selected so that each individual has an equal chance of being chosen.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A sample where every possible sample of size n has the same chance of being selected.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sampling that involves subdividing the population into strata and then drawing samples from each stratum.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sampling where a starting point is selected, and then every kth element in the population is chosen.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sampling that divides the population into clusters, randomly selects sections, and includes all members from those sections.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sampling that uses results that are readily available.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The difference between a sample result and the true population result caused by chance sample fluctuations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An error that occurs when the sample data are incorrectly collected, recorded, or analyzed.</p> Signup and view all the answers