States of Matter Science Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is a characteristic of a solid?

  • It flows easily.
  • It lacks a definite volume.
  • It can be compressed.
  • It has a definite shape. (correct)

Which process describes the change of state from liquid to gas?

  • Sublimation
  • Condensation
  • Vaporization (correct)
  • Solidification

Which statement is true regarding gases?

  • They have a definite volume and shape.
  • Particles vibrate in place.
  • They may be compressed. (correct)
  • They exhibit high viscosity.

What does surface tension refer to?

<p>The force allowing liquid surface particles to remain joined. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following changes of state is classified as endothermic?

<p>Vaporization (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What causes a needle to float on water?

<p>The surface tension of the water holds the needle up. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Charles' Law, what happens to the volume of a gas when the temperature increases at constant pressure?

<p>The volume increases. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship defined by Boyle's Law?

<p>Pressure and volume are inversely proportional. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect does an increase in temperature have on the particles of matter?

<p>Particles change state and gain energy. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to a balloon's volume if the temperature increases while the pressure remains constant?

<p>The volume of the balloon increases. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What principle did Avogadro describe regarding gases?

<p>At constant pressure and temperature, different gases contain an equal number of particles. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Clausius define as the absolute temperature of a gas?

<p>The average kinetic energy of the molecules in the gas. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is consistent with the kinetic molecular theory regarding gas particles?

<p>Gas particles are in constant random motion and collide elastically. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following scenarios would NOT align with Avogadro's principle?

<p>Heavier gases occupy less volume than lighter gases at the same temperature. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can be inferred about the kinetic energy of gas molecules as the temperature increases?

<p>The average kinetic energy of the molecules increases. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Barometer

An instrument used to measure atmospheric pressure.

Crystal Structure

Atoms, ions, or molecules arranged in an orderly, repeating pattern.

Surface Tension

The force on a liquid's surface that holds particles together.

Solidification

The change of a liquid to a solid.

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Viscosity

The thickness or resistance of a fluid to flow.

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Plasma definition

Plasma is a state of matter consisting of charged particles.

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Matter's particles' movement

Particles of matter are constantly moving.

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Surface tension's effect

Surface tension keeps the water at the surface from collapsing; explaining how a needle floats.

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Temperature and matter's states

As temperature rises, matter changes state since particles gain energy and move faster.

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Charles' Law relationship

At constant pressure, the volume of a gas directly relates to temperature.

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Avogadro's Statement

At equal pressure and temperature, equal amounts of gases contain the same number of particles.

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Clausius's Finding

A gas's absolute temperature reflects its particles' average kinetic energy.

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Kinetic Energy

The energy of motion possessed by the particles of a substance.

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Gas Particles

The individual components (molecules or atoms) that comprise a gas.

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Constant Pressure and Temperature

Conditions where the force on a surface and the average kinetic energy of the gas remain unchanged.

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