States of Matter: Properties of Liquids
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary reason for the slow diffusion of a drop of ink in water?

  • The strong intermolecular forces between the ink and water molecules
  • The relatively small empty spaces between the molecules (correct)
  • The high kinetic energy of the ink molecules
  • The large empty spaces between the molecules

    • What is the relationship between the average kinetic energy of liquid molecules and the absolute temperature?

  • The average kinetic energy is independent of the absolute temperature
  • The average kinetic energy is directly proportional to the absolute temperature (correct)
  • The average kinetic energy is proportional to the square root of the absolute temperature
  • The average kinetic energy is inversely proportional to the absolute temperature

    • What is the main reason for the molecules in a liquid not being in fixed positions?

  • The attractive forces between the molecules are not sufficient to hold them in fixed positions (correct)
  • The weak intermolecular forces between the molecules
  • The close packing of the molecules
  • The high kinetic energy of the molecules

    • What is the result of the restricted movement of molecules in a liquid?

    <p>A decrease in the rate of diffusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the shape of the molecule in a liquid, according to the kinetic molecular theory?

    <p>The shape of the molecule is not fixed and is affected by the motion of other molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the comparison between the attractive forces among liquid molecules and those among gas molecules?

    <p>The attractive forces among liquid molecules are stronger than those among gas molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason for moderate kinetic energy in some substances?

    <p>Strong intermolecular attractions between particles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary factor responsible for the physical properties of liquids?

    <p>Intermolecular attractive forces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of bonding is responsible for the low kinetic energy in water?

    <p>Hydrogen bonding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the forces of attraction between the molecules of a substance?

    <p>Intermolecular forces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the reason for the existence of water as a liquid?

    <p>Intermolecular attractions called hydrogen bonds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the dispersion force between the molecules of a substance?

    <p>Van der Waals force</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the vapour pressure of a liquid when it is heated?

    <p>It increases as more vapours escape.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the boiling point of water at a pressure of 28.7mm Hg?

    <p>Below 100°C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a pressure cooker?

    <p>To increase the pressure and cook food quickly.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the boiling point of a liquid when the pressure is increased?

    <p>It increases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of intermolecular forces on the boiling point of a liquid?

    <p>Stronger forces result in a higher boiling point.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the temperature and vapour pressure of a liquid?

    <p>The vapour pressure increases as the temperature increases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason why liquids with small and compact molecules have low viscosity?

    <p>Weak intermolecular forces between molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the diameter of the arteries and veins of the human body in cold weather?

    <p>They decrease in diameter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of temperature on the viscosity of a liquid?

    <p>Viscosity decreases with increasing temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the reason for the lower boiling points of hydrides of group VA?

    <p>They have only London dispersion forces among their molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between molecular shape and size and viscosity?

    <p>Larger molecules have higher viscosity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does the flow of blood and blood pressure increase when sitting before a fire?

    <p>The viscosity of blood decreases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does HF have a lower boiling point than HO, despite F being more electronegative?

    <p>Oxygen can form two hydrogen bonds with neighbouring molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of stronger intermolecular forces between molecules in a liquid?

    <p>Higher viscosity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following molecules can form only one hydrogen bond with neighbouring molecules?

    <p>HF and NH3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are compounds with hydrogen bonds soluble in each other?

    <p>They can form hydrogen bonds with each other</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of molecules that perform the cleaning action, such as soaps and detergents?

    <p>They have both polar and non-polar ends</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why can ethyl alcohol dissolve in water?

    <p>Both ethyl alcohol and water can form hydrogen bonds with each other</p> Signup and view all the answers

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