States of Matter: Properties of Liquids

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What is the primary reason for the slow diffusion of a drop of ink in water?

The strong intermolecular forces between the ink and water molecules
The relatively small empty spaces between the molecules (correct)
The high kinetic energy of the ink molecules
The large empty spaces between the molecules

What is the relationship between the average kinetic energy of liquid molecules and the absolute temperature?

The average kinetic energy is independent of the absolute temperature
The average kinetic energy is directly proportional to the absolute temperature (correct)
The average kinetic energy is proportional to the square root of the absolute temperature
The average kinetic energy is inversely proportional to the absolute temperature

What is the main reason for the molecules in a liquid not being in fixed positions?

The attractive forces between the molecules are not sufficient to hold them in fixed positions (correct)
The weak intermolecular forces between the molecules
The close packing of the molecules
The high kinetic energy of the molecules

What is the result of the restricted movement of molecules in a liquid?

A decrease in the rate of diffusion (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the shape of the molecule in a liquid, according to the kinetic molecular theory?

The shape of the molecule is not fixed and is affected by the motion of other molecules (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the comparison between the attractive forces among liquid molecules and those among gas molecules?

The attractive forces among liquid molecules are stronger than those among gas molecules (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason for moderate kinetic energy in some substances?

Strong intermolecular attractions between particles (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary factor responsible for the physical properties of liquids?

Intermolecular attractive forces (B) Signup and view all the answers

What type of bonding is responsible for the low kinetic energy in water?

Hydrogen bonding (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the forces of attraction between the molecules of a substance?

Intermolecular forces (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the reason for the existence of water as a liquid?

Intermolecular attractions called hydrogen bonds (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the dispersion force between the molecules of a substance?

Van der Waals force (C) Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the vapour pressure of a liquid when it is heated?

It increases as more vapours escape. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the boiling point of water at a pressure of 28.7mm Hg?

Below 100°C (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a pressure cooker?

To increase the pressure and cook food quickly. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the boiling point of a liquid when the pressure is increased?

It increases. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of intermolecular forces on the boiling point of a liquid?

Stronger forces result in a higher boiling point. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the temperature and vapour pressure of a liquid?

The vapour pressure increases as the temperature increases. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason why liquids with small and compact molecules have low viscosity?

Weak intermolecular forces between molecules (D) Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the diameter of the arteries and veins of the human body in cold weather?

They decrease in diameter (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of temperature on the viscosity of a liquid?

Viscosity decreases with increasing temperature (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the reason for the lower boiling points of hydrides of group VA?

They have only London dispersion forces among their molecules (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between molecular shape and size and viscosity?

Larger molecules have higher viscosity (D) Signup and view all the answers

Why does the flow of blood and blood pressure increase when sitting before a fire?

The viscosity of blood decreases (B) Signup and view all the answers

Why does HF have a lower boiling point than HO, despite F being more electronegative?

Oxygen can form two hydrogen bonds with neighbouring molecules (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of stronger intermolecular forces between molecules in a liquid?

Higher viscosity (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following molecules can form only one hydrogen bond with neighbouring molecules?

HF and NH3 (A) Signup and view all the answers

Why are compounds with hydrogen bonds soluble in each other?

They can form hydrogen bonds with each other (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of molecules that perform the cleaning action, such as soaps and detergents?

They have both polar and non-polar ends (B) Signup and view all the answers

Why can ethyl alcohol dissolve in water?

Both ethyl alcohol and water can form hydrogen bonds with each other (D) Signup and view all the answers