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Questions and Answers
What is a characteristic of gases in terms of volume and shape?
What is a characteristic of gases in terms of volume and shape?
- They have a definite volume and shape.
- They have neither definite volume nor shape. (correct)
- They have a definite shape but not volume.
- They have a definite volume but not shape.
What is the term for the uniform distribution of particles in a mixture?
What is the term for the uniform distribution of particles in a mixture?
- Heterogeneous
- Element
- Homogeneous (correct)
- Pure substance
What happens to a solid when it is heated?
What happens to a solid when it is heated?
- It remains the same.
- It changes to a gas.
- It disappears.
- It changes to a liquid. (correct)
What is the term for the arrangement of particles in a solid?
What is the term for the arrangement of particles in a solid?
What is the characteristic of particles in a heterogeneous mixture?
What is the characteristic of particles in a heterogeneous mixture?
What is the term for the three states of matter?
What is the term for the three states of matter?
What is the characteristic of particles in a gas?
What is the characteristic of particles in a gas?
What is the characteristic of a homogeneous mixture?
What is the characteristic of a homogeneous mixture?
What is the standard used to define the atomic mass unit (amu) in the system of atomic masses?
What is the standard used to define the atomic mass unit (amu) in the system of atomic masses?
What is the mass of one atomic mass unit (amu) in grams?
What is the mass of one atomic mass unit (amu) in grams?
What is the sum of the atomic masses of the elements present in a molecule?
What is the sum of the atomic masses of the elements present in a molecule?
What is the year in which the system of atomic masses was agreed upon?
What is the year in which the system of atomic masses was agreed upon?
What is the mass of an atom of hydrogen in grams?
What is the mass of an atom of hydrogen in grams?
What is the process involved in chemical reactions?
What is the process involved in chemical reactions?
What is the representation of the isotope of carbon used as the standard in the system of atomic masses?
What is the representation of the isotope of carbon used as the standard in the system of atomic masses?
What is the property of atoms that makes them combine in a fixed ratio to form compounds?
What is the property of atoms that makes them combine in a fixed ratio to form compounds?
What is the arrangement of particles in a solid?
What is the arrangement of particles in a solid?
What is the characteristic of particles in a liquid?
What is the characteristic of particles in a liquid?
What is the arrangement of particles in a gas?
What is the arrangement of particles in a gas?
What is the contribution of chemistry to the economy of a nation?
What is the contribution of chemistry to the economy of a nation?
What is the result of arranging particles in a solid?
What is the result of arranging particles in a solid?
What is the characteristic of solids?
What is the characteristic of solids?
What is the characteristic of liquids?
What is the characteristic of liquids?
What is the contribution of chemistry in dealing with environmental degradation?
What is the contribution of chemistry in dealing with environmental degradation?
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Study Notes
States of Matter
- Solids have definite volume and definite shape.
- Particles are held very close to each other in an orderly fashion, with little freedom of movement.
Characteristics of Liquids
- Have definite volume but no definite shape.
- Particles are close to each other but can move around.
Characteristics of Gases
- Have neither definite volume nor definite shape.
- Particles are far apart, with a lot of freedom of movement.
Atomic Mass
- One atomic mass unit (amu) is a mass exactly equal to one-twelfth of the mass of a carbon-12 atom.
- 1 amu = 1.66056×10–24 g.
- Mass of an atom of hydrogen = 1.6736×10–24 g.
Matter
- Matter consists of indivisible atoms.
- All atoms of a given element have identical properties, including identical mass.
- Atoms of different elements differ in mass.
Compounds and Chemical Reactions
- Compounds are formed when atoms of different elements combine in a fixed ratio.
- Chemical reactions involve reorganisation of atoms, neither creating nor destroying them.
Importance of Chemistry
- Chemistry has helped establish industries that manufacture utility goods, contributing to a nation's economy and generating employment.
- Chemistry has dealt with environmental degradation with some success, synthesising safer alternatives to hazardous substances.
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