States of Matter and Atomic Mass

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Questions and Answers

What is a characteristic of gases in terms of volume and shape?

They have a definite volume and shape.

They have neither definite volume nor shape. (correct)

They have a definite shape but not volume.

They have a definite volume but not shape.

What is the term for the uniform distribution of particles in a mixture?

Heterogeneous

Element

Homogeneous (correct)

Pure substance

What happens to a solid when it is heated?

It remains the same.

It changes to a gas.

It disappears.

It changes to a liquid. (correct)

What is the term for the arrangement of particles in a solid?

Ordered Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of particles in a heterogeneous mixture?

Not uniformly distributed Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the three states of matter?

Solid, Liquid, and Gas Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of particles in a gas?

They are loosely packed. Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of a homogeneous mixture?

Components are uniformly distributed. Signup and view all the answers

What is the standard used to define the atomic mass unit (amu) in the system of atomic masses?

Carbon-12 Signup and view all the answers

What is the mass of one atomic mass unit (amu) in grams?

1.66056×10^–24 g Signup and view all the answers

What is the sum of the atomic masses of the elements present in a molecule?

Molecular mass Signup and view all the answers

What is the year in which the system of atomic masses was agreed upon?

1961 Signup and view all the answers

What is the mass of an atom of hydrogen in grams?

1.6736×10^–24 g Signup and view all the answers

What is the process involved in chemical reactions?

Reorganisation of atoms Signup and view all the answers

What is the representation of the isotope of carbon used as the standard in the system of atomic masses?

12C Signup and view all the answers

What is the property of atoms that makes them combine in a fixed ratio to form compounds?

Identical mass Signup and view all the answers

What is the arrangement of particles in a solid?

Particles are close together and have a fixed position. Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of particles in a liquid?

Particles are close together but can move around. Signup and view all the answers

What is the arrangement of particles in a gas?

Particles are far apart and can move freely. Signup and view all the answers

What is the contribution of chemistry to the economy of a nation?

Generation of employment and contribution to GDP. Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of arranging particles in a solid?

Particles are held very close to each other. Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of solids?

Have definite volume and definite shape. Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of liquids?

Have definite volume but no definite shape. Signup and view all the answers

What is the contribution of chemistry in dealing with environmental degradation?

Dealing with some of the pressing aspects of environmental degradation with a fair degree of success. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

States of Matter

Solids have definite volume and definite shape.
Particles are held very close to each other in an orderly fashion, with little freedom of movement.

Characteristics of Liquids

Have definite volume but no definite shape.
Particles are close to each other but can move around.

Characteristics of Gases

Have neither definite volume nor definite shape.
Particles are far apart, with a lot of freedom of movement.

Atomic Mass

One atomic mass unit (amu) is a mass exactly equal to one-twelfth of the mass of a carbon-12 atom.
1 amu = 1.66056×10–24 g.
Mass of an atom of hydrogen = 1.6736×10–24 g.

Matter

Matter consists of indivisible atoms.
All atoms of a given element have identical properties, including identical mass.
Atoms of different elements differ in mass.

Compounds and Chemical Reactions

Compounds are formed when atoms of different elements combine in a fixed ratio.
Chemical reactions involve reorganisation of atoms, neither creating nor destroying them.

Importance of Chemistry

Chemistry has helped establish industries that manufacture utility goods, contributing to a nation's economy and generating employment.
Chemistry has dealt with environmental degradation with some success, synthesising safer alternatives to hazardous substances.

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Description

Learn about the characteristics of solids, liquids, and gases, and understand the concept of atomic mass. Discover the properties of each state and the definition of atomic mass units.