States and Nationality Quiz

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) is a legally binding document for its ratifying countries. However, its enforcement relies on monitoring by the Human Rights Committee, which reviews state reports and handles individual complaints, although it lacks the power to impose penalties.

Everyone has the inherent right to equality, dignity, and respect, regardless of their background or characteristics. This includes equality in opportunities, treatment, and access to rights and freedoms.

No one should experience discrimination based on factors like race, gender, nationality, or religion. Everyone is entitled to the full enjoyment of their rights without any prejudice.

Everyone has the right to live, to be free, and to feel safe. These rights are fundamental to human existence and well-being.

Forced labor and slavery are prohibited. No one should be treated as property or forced to work against their will.

No one should be subjected to torture, cruel, inhuman, or degrading treatment or punishment. Such acts violate human dignity and are considered a breach of fundamental rights.

Everyone should be recognized as a person before the law, regardless of their background. This guarantees legal personality and access to justice.

Everyone is entitled to equal protection under the law, without discrimination. This means that laws should apply equally to all and protect everyone's rights.

A law that sets comprehensive air quality management policies and programs, aiming for healthy air for all Filipinos. It outlines standards for vehicle owners and manufacturers, imposes penalties for violations, and includes government programs to manage air quality.

This principle dictates that nations have the right to utilize their resources according to their environmental policies, but they also have the responsibility to ensure their actions don't harm the environment of other countries.

When there isn't enough scientific certainty about a cause-and-effect relationship between human activity and environmental damage, this principle encourages taking action to prevent possible negative impacts.

This principle states that the party responsible for polluting should bear the cost of cleaning up or mitigating the damage. This encourages responsible environmental practices.

This principle emphasizes development that meets current needs without compromising the needs of future generations. It aims to ensure the long-term sustainability of the environment.

This principle involves assessing the potential environmental impacts of a project before it begins. This helps to identify and mitigate risks and promote environmentally responsible development.

The right to work, choose your job, have fair working conditions, and be protected from unemployment. It also includes the right to equal pay for equal work and to join trade unions.

The right to rest and take breaks, including limitations on how many hours you work and paid time off.

The right to a standard of living that provides basic needs like food, clothing, housing, and healthcare. Special care and assistance are included for mothers and children.

The right to receive education. It should be free at least for the basics and promote understanding and friendship between people globally.

The right to participate in the cultural life of your community, enjoy the arts, and share in scientific advancements. It also protects the benefits of your creative work.

This treaty commits countries to ensure the civil and political rights of their citizens. The ICCPR promotes freedom and rights for everyone.

The right to life is fundamental. It prohibits the government from taking someone's life without just cause.

This article prohibits torture and punishment that is cruel, inhuman, or degrading. It protects people's physical and mental well-being.

Developed countries are obligated to contribute more towards global environmental sustainability because they have historically contributed more to pollution and have greater financial and technological resources.

Environmental protection policies should be applied equally, regardless of whether pollution affects the state within its borders or outside its borders. This means no preferential treatment for domestic pollution over transboundary pollution.

A legal theory that states are always responsible for preventing environmental harm (pollution) and are liable for damages, even if they didn't intend to cause it.

A framework for evaluating a state's responsibility in preventing pollution. It focuses on whether the state took reasonable steps to prevent the harm, considering the circumstances.

Air pollution originating within one state that causes harm in another state far away. It's difficult to pinpoint the exact sources of individual emissions.

A system of beliefs, values, and practices that define what is considered sacred or spiritually significant. It often includes a moral framework and guides people's daily lives.

A Jewish sect that originated in Jerusalem and believed Jesus to be the Messiah. It expanded rapidly and eventually became the dominant religion of the Roman Empire.

The core beliefs and practices of Christianity, encompassing the creation of the world by God, the role of Jesus as the Messiah and savior, the concept of human sin and redemption, the Holy Trinity - Father, Son, and Holy Spirit, and the immortality of the soul.

The oldest religion in the world, originating in the Indus River Valley around 4,500 years ago. It emphasizes a divine power manifesting as various entities, including the three main incarnations: Brahma, Vishnu, and Shiva, often compared to the Christian Trinity.

A set of ethical principles in Hinduism that guide 'right' actions. It is often linked to karma, the concept of actions having spiritual consequences in this life or future lives.

The belief in the soul's rebirth after death in a new body. This cycle of birth, death, and rebirth continues until liberation from the cycle is achieved.

The path to enlightenment in Buddhism. It involves following a set of ethical principles, engaging in mindfulness practices, and cultivating wisdom.

The fundamental law of cause and effect in Buddhism. Actions have consequences, shaping one's present and future lives.

The belief in a single, transcendent God, Allah, who is the creator and ultimate judge of the universe. Muslims believe in several prophets, with Muhammad being the last and most important.

The five pillars of Islam, which include the belief in Allah and Muhammad, daily prayer, charity, fasting during Ramadan, and pilgrimage to Mecca.

A social space where individuals can discuss and identify societal issues, potentially influencing political actions. It's a 'virtual community' not bound by physical locations, where public opinion is formed and expressed.

A German term coined by Jürgen Habermas, describing a space for open discussion and debate on societal issues.

Information presented in a biased way to influence public opinion, often using selective facts and emotional appeals. It adapts to new technologies, utilizing various media like posters, radio, TV, and the internet.

A theory that explains how media biases arise due to structural economic factors. It initially focused on U.S. media but is applicable to any country with similar economic structures.

A framework that analyzes propaganda by considering factors like the sender's intent, the communication channel, and the target audience.

The use of propaganda requires a specific intent to persuade, representing a cause or institution, targeting a significant group, and challenging others' beliefs.

A belief that the world is divided into two opposing forces, usually good and evil. This makes it difficult to justify compromise or moderation, as even a small concession can be seen as siding with the evil force.

Extreme interpretations of religious beliefs, emphasizing radical measures as necessary to fulfill God's will. This can contribute to conflict escalation.