PHILO 11.05 - The Leviathan
18 Questions
19 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT an accurate description of the state of nature according to the text?

  • Peace, social order, and justice are possible (correct)
  • Property is a non-existent concept
  • Force and fraud are the cardinal virtues
  • It is a constant state of war and insecurity

    • What is the primary motivation for human behavior in the state of nature?

  • Pursuit of knowledge and enlightenment
  • Adherence to moral and ethical principles
  • Preservation of one's own life (correct)
  • Altruism and concern for others

    • What is the essential characteristic of the 'Right of Nature' (Jus Naturale)?

  • The pursuit of collective well-being
  • The duty to respect others' rights
  • The absence of impediments or hindrances (correct)
  • The adherence to a common moral code

    • Which of the following statements is NOT true regarding the state of nature, according to the text?

    <p>It is possible to be a good person and act ethically</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for individuals to lay down their rights in the state of nature?

    <p>To limit their liberty in exchange for security</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements best represents the author's view of human nature in the state of nature?

    <p>Short, uncivilized, and animalistic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Hobbes, what is the principal cause of quarrel among men?

    <p>The pursuit of glory arising from the equality of hope in attaining one's ends</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT considered an essential component of human interactions and societal harmony according to Hobbes?

    <p>Absolute obedience to a sovereign authority</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Hobbes suggest is necessary for the sake of peace and reconciliation?

    <p>Accommodating oneself to others and pardoning past offenses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between justice and covenants?

    <p>Justice depends on antecedent covenants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Hobbes suggest is the basis for the laws of nature that govern human behavior?

    <p>The principles of justice, gratitude, and mutual accommodation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In Hobbes's conception of the state of nature, what is the primary motivation for individuals?

    <p>Self-preservation and the attainment of individual desires</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the role of a 'covenant' in Hobbes's philosophy?

    <p>A covenant is a mutual transferring of rights between individuals through a contract on one's self.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for the establishment of a central authority or 'Leviathan'?

    <p>To protect individuals from the miserable condition of war in the state of nature.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the 'Laws of Nature' in Hobbes's philosophy?

    <p>The Laws of Nature are the precepts or general rules found out by reason in the state of nature.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the relationship between the 'Leviathan' and the individuals in the commonwealth?

    <p>The Leviathan is a product of the individuals' consent, and they confer their strength and liberty to its will.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements best describes the role of words and fear in the state of nature?

    <p>Words are too weak to enforce covenants in the state of nature, and a common greater fear is needed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements best describes the purpose of the 'Leviathan' in relation to the preservation of peace and order?

    <p>The Leviathan has the discretion to determine the most effective way to preserve peace and order, and its decisions must be followed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    The State of Nature

    • The state of nature is a constant war, where individuals are insecure and kill others before they get killed.
    • In this state, peace, social order, and justice are impossible, and nothing is considered unjust.
    • Force and fraud are the primary virtues in this state.

    Key Characteristics of the State of Nature

    • No common power or law exists, leading to no distinction between right and wrong.
    • Property is non-existent, and individuals can plunder, steal, and do as they please.
    • Being a "good person" is not possible in this state.

    The Right of Nature

    • The right of nature is the liberty individuals have to use their power to preserve their lives.
    • It is the absence of impediments, hindrances, or obstacles to individual freedom.

    Important Definitions

    • Jus Naturale: The right of nature, inherent to every person in the state of nature.
    • Liberty is used for self-preservation through judgment and reason.

    The Leviathan

    • The Leviathan is a text that discusses the natural condition of mankind, emphasizing equality among humans in physical and mental faculties.
    • The text highlights the causes of conflict and self-preservation, including competition, diffidence, and the pursuit of glory.
    • It explores the concepts of covenants, justice, and gratitude as essential components of human interactions and societal harmony.

    Laws of Nature

    • Laws of nature are precepts or general rules found through reason, guiding human behavior in the state of nature.
    • Justice depends on antecedent covenants, and gratitude depends on antecedent grace.

    Covenants and Contracts

    • A covenant is not possible in the state of nature, as words are too weak and insecure.
    • A contract is the mutual transferring of right, but individuals cannot make an agreement with themselves in the state of nature.
    • A central authority is needed to uphold covenants and hold people accountable.

    The Leviathan (State)

    • The Leviathan is a central authority that holds people to their covenants, ensuring peace and order.
    • It is the product of people's consent, where they confer their strength and liberty into one will.
    • The Leviathan has the discretion to preserve peace and order, and its authority is respected, even if the person holding the position changes.

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Related Documents

    The Leviathan Template PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge on the concept of the state of nature and justice based on the idea that in a situation of anarchy, people are predisposed to war due to insecurities. Explore the themes of peace, social order, and fairness within this theoretical framework.

    More Like This

    The State of Nature
    5 questions

    The State of Nature

    GaloreScholarship avatar
    GaloreScholarship
    John Locke's State of Nature and Government Theory
    10 questions

    John Locke's State of Nature and Government Theory

    PromptRationality avatar
    PromptRationality
    Nature and Legitimacy of State Study
    10 questions

    Nature and Legitimacy of State Study

    ExceptionalNeodymium avatar
    ExceptionalNeodymium
    Philosophy: State of Nature Quiz
    40 questions

    Philosophy: State of Nature Quiz

    FairMesa8527 avatar
    FairMesa8527
    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser