CH 18: Standard electrode potentials
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Questions and Answers

What do standard electrode potentials, represented as E⁰ values, measure?

  • The individual potential of a reversible electrode at standard conditions (correct)
  • The color of the electrode
  • The volume of the electrode
  • The weight of the electrode

    • Why are standard electrode potentials important in electrochemistry?

  • To determine the color of the electrode
  • To understand the electrochemical behavior of elements (correct)
  • To measure temperature changes
  • To calculate volume changes in the electrode

    • What conditions are standardized for measuring electrode potentials?

  • Temperature, pressure, concentration (correct)
  • Temperature, weight, concentration
  • Temperature, color, volume
  • Temperature, pressure, weight

    • What serves as a universal reference for measuring electrode potentials?

    <p>Standard Hydrogen Electrode (SHE)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Under standard conditions, what potential is assigned to the Standard Hydrogen Electrode (SHE)?

    <p>0.00 volts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to determine electrode potentials under standardized conditions?

    <p>To ensure measurements are consistent and comparable</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does E⁰ represent in standard electrode potentials?

    <p>A measure of individual potential at standard conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of a reversible electrode in standard electrode potentials?

    <p>It measures individual potential accurately</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component is bubbled over the platinum electrode in the Standard Hydrogen Electrode (SHE)?

    <p>Hydrogen gas at 1 atmosphere pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does SHE stand for?

    <p>Standard Hydrogen Electrode</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the Standard Hydrogen Electrode (SHE) in electrochemistry?

    <p>Provides a reference point for comparing electrode potentials</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are standard electrode potentials expressed by convention?

    <p>In comparison to the Standard Hydrogen Electrode (SHE)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a positive standard electrode potential (E⁰) value indicate?

    <p>The electrode is more likely to be reduced than the SHE</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do positive E⁰ values correspond to agents in redox reactions?

    <p>They correspond to strong oxidizing agents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do metals with highly negative E⁰ values tend to be?

    <p>Strong reducing agents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are nonmetals with highly positive E⁰ values described?

    <p>Strong oxidizing agents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do positive cell potentials indicate in redox reactions?

    <p>A spontaneous reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are standard electrode potentials crucial in applications like corrosion prevention?

    <p>For predicting the direction of chemical reactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of conducting experiments involving standard electrode potentials?

    <p>To compare different metal reactivities and spontaneous redox reactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do E⁰ values contribute to designing electrochemical cells?

    <p>By assisting in predicting cell potential and reaction direction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the Standard Hydrogen Electrode (SHE) in electrochemistry?

    <p>To provide a consistent reference point for measuring all other electrode potentials</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When a metal electrode is connected to the SHE, what does the measured potential difference represent?

    <p>The standard electrode potential of the metal electrode</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a positive standard electrode potential (E⁰) value indicate about an electrode?

    <p>The electrode is more likely to be reduced than the SHE</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are standard electrode potentials used to predict the spontaneity of redox reactions?

    <p>A positive cell potential (E⁰_cell = E⁰_cathode - E⁰_anode) indicates a spontaneous reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do metals with highly negative standard electrode potential (E⁰) values tend to be?

    <p>Strong reducing agents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a negative standard electrode potential (E⁰) value suggest about an electrode?

    <p>The electrode is more likely to be oxidized than the SHE</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are nonmetals with highly positive standard electrode potential (E⁰) values described?

    <p>Strong oxidizing agents that readily gain electrons to form anions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of conducting experiments involving standard electrode potentials?

    <p>To determine the relative reactivity of different metal electrodes and the direction of spontaneous redox reactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are standard electrode potentials expressed by convention?

    <p>Relative to the Standard Hydrogen Electrode (SHE)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main application of standard electrode potentials in electrochemistry?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of measuring standard electrode potentials (E⁰ values) in electrochemistry?

    <p>To determine the direction of redox reactions and calculate the electromotive force (EMF) of electrochemical cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the Standard Hydrogen Electrode (SHE) in the measurement of standard electrode potentials?

    <p>It serves as a reference electrode, with a potential of 0.00 volts under standard conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a key condition that must be met when measuring standard electrode potentials?

    <p>The pressure must be 1 atmosphere</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a positive standard electrode potential (E⁰) value indicate about the electrochemical behavior of an element?

    <p>The element is a strong oxidizing agent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do the magnitudes of standard electrode potentials (E⁰ values) relate to the reactivity of elements in electrochemical processes?

    <p>Metals with highly negative E⁰ values are the most reactive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the relationship between standard electrode potentials (E⁰ values) and the direction of redox reactions is correct?

    <p>Reactions with positive cell potentials are spontaneous</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of the platinum electrode in the Standard Hydrogen Electrode (SHE)?

    <p>It serves as a reference for measuring the potential of other electrodes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are standard electrode potentials (E⁰ values) typically expressed in electrochemical conventions?

    <p>As reduction potentials</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the standardized conditions (temperature, pressure, and concentration) used in the measurement of standard electrode potentials?

    <p>They ensure consistency and comparability of the measured values</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do standard electrode potentials (E⁰ values) contribute to the design and operation of electrochemical cells?

    <p>They are used to calculate the electromotive force (EMF) of the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a key application of standard electrode potentials (E⁰ values) in electrochemistry?

    <p>Calculating the pH of aqueous solutions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a negative standard electrode potential (E⁰) value suggest about an electrode?

    <p>The electrode is more likely to be oxidized (lose electrons) than the SHE</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of the platinum electrode in the Standard Hydrogen Electrode (SHE)?

    <p>To catalyze the hydrogen oxidation reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a positive standard electrode potential (E⁰) value indicate about an electrode?

    <p>The electrode is more likely to be reduced (gain electrons) than the SHE</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the standardized conditions (temperature, pressure, and concentration) used in the measurement of standard electrode potentials?

    <p>They ensure the reproducibility and comparability of electrode potentials</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the relationship between standard electrode potentials (E⁰ values) and the direction of redox reactions is correct?

    <p>A positive cell potential (E⁰_cell = E⁰_cathode - E⁰_anode) indicates a spontaneous reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What component is bubbled over the platinum electrode in the Standard Hydrogen Electrode (SHE)?

    <p>Hydrogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does E⁰ represent in standard electrode potentials?

    <p>The standard reduction potential of the electrode</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the Standard Hydrogen Electrode (SHE) in electrochemistry?

    <p>To serve as a reference electrode with a known and stable potential</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are nonmetals with highly positive standard electrode potential (E⁰) values described?

    <p>Strong oxidizing agents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a key condition that must be met when measuring standard electrode potentials?

    <p>The test electrode must be compared to a reference electrode with a known potential</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the measurement of standard electrode potentials, what does the platinum electrode in the Standard Hydrogen Electrode (SHE) represent?

    <p>The reference half-cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a metal electrode has a standard electrode potential (E⁰) value of -0.76 V, what can be inferred about its behavior in an electrochemical cell?

    <p>It will spontaneously reduce and act as the cathode.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of standard electrode potentials, what does a positive E⁰ value signify?

    <p>The electrode is a strong oxidizing agent.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for maintaining standardized conditions (temperature, pressure, and concentration) when measuring standard electrode potentials?

    <p>To ensure reproducibility and comparability of the measurements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If the standard electrode potential (E⁰) for a metal is more positive than that of another metal, what can be inferred about their reactivity?

    <p>The metal with the more positive E⁰ value is a stronger oxidizing agent.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of electrochemical cells, what is the primary significance of standard electrode potentials (E⁰ values)?

    <p>They indicate the direction of spontaneous electron flow.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If the standard electrode potential (E⁰) of a metal is more negative than that of the Standard Hydrogen Electrode (SHE), what can be concluded?

    <p>The metal will spontaneously reduce in the presence of hydrogen gas.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the measurement of standard electrode potentials, what is the significance of using a 1 M acid solution for the Standard Hydrogen Electrode (SHE)?

    <p>It maintains a constant ionic strength.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary application of standard electrode potentials (E⁰ values) in the field of corrosion science?

    <p>Predicting the susceptibility of metals to corrosion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In an electrochemical cell, if the sum of the standard electrode potentials (E⁰ values) for the half-reactions is positive, what can be inferred about the overall cell reaction?

    <p>The reaction is spontaneous and will produce electrical energy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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