Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the age range for the predental or gum pads stage?
What is the age range for the predental or gum pads stage?
0 to 6 months
Which of the following are stages of the development of occlusion? (Select all that apply)
Which of the following are stages of the development of occlusion? (Select all that apply)
What does the term occlusion mean?
What does the term occlusion mean?
Closing up, the way maxilla and mandible occlude.
The shape of the gum pads at birth is rough and irregular.
The shape of the gum pads at birth is rough and irregular.
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What are natal teeth?
What are natal teeth?
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What is the relationship between the maxillary and mandibular gum pads?
What is the relationship between the maxillary and mandibular gum pads?
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At what age is the deciduous dentition usually complete?
At what age is the deciduous dentition usually complete?
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What is described as the distal surfaces of maxillary and mandibular second deciduous molars?
What is described as the distal surfaces of maxillary and mandibular second deciduous molars?
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What is the normal sequence of eruption of primary teeth? (Select all that apply)
What is the normal sequence of eruption of primary teeth? (Select all that apply)
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The overbite decreases due to the eruption of primary molars and rapid attrition of incisors.
The overbite decreases due to the eruption of primary molars and rapid attrition of incisors.
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Which of the following describe the abnormal molar relationships? (Select all that apply)
Which of the following describe the abnormal molar relationships? (Select all that apply)
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Study Notes
Occlusion
- Occlusion refers to the way the maxillary and mandibular teeth come together.
Stages of Development of Occlusion
- Predental/Gum Pads Stage: From birth to 6 months
- Primary Dentition Stage: From eruption of the first deciduous tooth to the eruption of the first permanent molar (6 months to 6 years)
- Mixed Dentition Stage: From eruption of the first permanent molar to the shedding of the last deciduous tooth
- Permanent Dentition Stage: Starts with the shedding of the last deciduous tooth and is completed with the eruption of all permanent teeth
Predental/Gum Pads Stage
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Gum Pads: The alveolar arches at the time of birth.
- Shape: Smooth and firm with transverse grooves separating the gum pads into 10 segments
- Lateral Sulcus: Groove between the canine and first molar region
- Gingival Groove: Separates gum pad from the palate and is the lingual extension of the gum pads
- Dental Groove: Starts at the incisive papilla and extends backward to touch the gingival groove in the canine region
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Relationship Between Upper and Lower Gum Pads:
- Complete Overjet: Maxillary gum pad is wider and overlaps the mandibular gum pad
- Lower Lateral Sulcus: Usually distal to the upper lateral sulcus (Class II pattern)
- Anterior Open Bite (Infantile Open Bite): Tongue protrudes anteriorly through this space. This helps in suckling and is a self-correcting anomaly by eruption of primary teeth.
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Natal and Neonatal Teeth:
- Natal teeth: Present at birth
- Neonatal teeth: Erupt within the first month
- Radiographic evaluation is recommended.
Primary Dentition
- Duration: Starts from the eruption of the first deciduous tooth (usually the mandibular central incisors) and ends with the eruption of the first permanent molar.
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Sequence and Time of Eruption: Typically complete by 2.5 years of age. Typically the following is the eruption sequence:
- Central incisors
- Lateral incisors
- First molars
- Canines
- Second molars
- Root Formation: Complete by 3 years of age
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Normal Signs of Primary Dentition:
- Spaced Anteriors: In the upper and lower anterior segments to accommodate larger permanent teeth
- Primate/Simian/Anthropoid Space: Present mesial to the maxillary canine and distal to the mandibular canine. This space is used for Early Mesial Shift in the Mandibular Arch.
- Almost Vertical Inclination of the Anteriors: Due to this inclination, the interincisal angle is very obtuse.
- Overbite: Initially deep, but reduces over time due to eruption of primary molars and rapid attrition of incisors.
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Molar Relationship: Described in terms of terminal planes (distal surfaces of maxillary and mandibular second deciduous molars).
- Flush Terminal Plane: Normal - Both maxillary and mandibular planes are at the same level anteroposteriorly
- Mesial Step: Abnormal - Distal surface of mandibular deciduous second molar is mesial to the distal surface of maxillary deciduous second molar.
- Distal Step: Abnormal - Distal surface of mandibular deciduous second molar is more distal than the distal surface of maxillary deciduous second molar.
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Description
Explore the various stages of dental occlusion development, from the predental stage to permanent dentition. This quiz covers the characteristics of each stage, including the structure of gum pads and the timeline of tooth eruption. Test your understanding of how dental occlusion evolves over time.
