Stage II-Principles of Administration (1927-1937)

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Questions and Answers

What was the main belief during Stage II of the evolution of public administration?

Public administration is not a science

There are no universal principles of administration

Administration is specific to the nature and context of work

Certain principles of administration have universal validity (correct)

Who published the book 'Principles of Public Administration' in 1927?

M.P. Follet

Mooney and Reiley

W.F. Willoughby (correct)

Henri Fayol

What did Gulick and Urwick's 'Papers on the Science of Administration' signify at this stage?

The rejection of universal validity of administrative principles

The beginning of the principles approach to administration (correct)

The decline of public administration as a science

A shift towards industry management

What was the key assertion made by W.F. Willoughby about administration?

'Administration has certain fundamental principles of general application' Signup and view all the answers

What was the main focus during the Stage III-Era of Challenge (1938-1947) of public administration?

Efficiency and human relations behavioural approach Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of the Hawthorne studies (1924-1932) on the principles approach to organizational analysis?

Demonstrated the role of informal organizations in determining organizational efficiency Signup and view all the answers

According to Gulick and Urwick, what governs arrangements for human association?

Principles arrived at inductively from the study of human organization Signup and view all the answers

What stage can be called the stage of orthodoxy according to Mohit Bhattacharya?

Stage II-Orthodoxy Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the criticisms of the principles approach to organizational analysis?

Neglect of socio-psychological aspects of organizational behavior Signup and view all the answers

Which publication challenged the classical public administration during the Stage III-Era of Challenge (1938-1947)?

Herbert A.Simon: The Proverbs of Administration (1946) Signup and view all the answers

What did Herbert A. Simon advocate for in public administration?

An empirical approach Signup and view all the answers

According to Herbert A. Simon, what is the heart of administration?

Decision-making Signup and view all the answers

What did Administrative Behaviour by Herbert A. Simon advocate for?

Scientific vigour in public administration Signup and view all the answers

What did Robert Dahl emphasize about the effects on administrative behavior?

The influence of normative values Signup and view all the answers

According to Robert Dahl, what is necessary for a science of public administration to be possible?

Clarity on the place of normative values, understanding human conduct, and comparative studies Signup and view all the answers

What did scholars suggest as a way to address the crisis of identity in public administration?

Returning to the fold of political science Signup and view all the answers

What did Robert Dahl believe was necessary for the study of public administration to become a broadly based discipline?

Understanding historical, sociological, and economic conditioning factors Signup and view all the answers

What was the reaction of political scientists to scholars returning to political science in response to the crisis of identity in public administration?

They were critical and discouraging Signup and view all the answers

According to Robert Dahl, what must be better understood for a science of public administration to be possible?

The nature of man in the area of public administration and his conduct Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Stage II of Public Administration

The main belief during this stage was that there were universal principles of administration that could be applied to all organizations.

Key Publications

In 1927, W.F. Willoughby published the book 'Principles of Public Administration'.
Gulick and Urwick's 'Papers on the Science of Administration' signified a shift towards a more scientific approach to administration.

Key Assertions

W.F. Willoughby asserted that administration was a distinct field of study that could be approached scientifically.

Stage III-Era of Challenge (1938-1947)

The main focus during this stage was on challenging the classical principles of public administration.

Hawthorne Studies (1924-1932)

The Hawthorne studies had a significant impact on the principles approach to organizational analysis, leading to a shift towards a more behavioral approach.

Gulick and Urwick's Principles

According to Gulick and Urwick, it is the purpose that governs arrangements for human association.

Criticisms of the Principles Approach

One of the criticisms of the principles approach was that it was too rigid and did not take into account the complexities of human behavior.

Challenging Classical Public Administration

Herbert A. Simon's publication 'Administrative Behavior' (1947) challenged the classical public administration.

Herbert A. Simon's Advocacy

Herbert A. Simon advocated for a more behavioral approach to public administration, focusing on the decision-making process.
According to Simon, the heart of administration is decision-making.

Administrative Behavior

'Administrative Behavior' advocated for a more realistic and empirical approach to public administration.

Robert Dahl's Emphasis

Robert Dahl emphasized the importance of understanding the effects of social and political factors on administrative behavior.

Conditions for a Science of Public Administration

According to Robert Dahl, a science of public administration is possible only if there is a better understanding of the political and social context.

Addressing the Crisis of Identity

Scholars suggested that addressing the crisis of identity in public administration required a more interdisciplinary approach.

Robert Dahl's Beliefs

Robert Dahl believed that the study of public administration needed to be more broadly based and interdisciplinary.

Reaction of Political Scientists

Political scientists reacted negatively to scholars returning to political science in response to the crisis of identity in public administration.

Understanding for a Science of Public Administration

According to Robert Dahl, a better understanding of the political and social context is necessary for a science of public administration to be possible.

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Description

Test your knowledge of the stage when scholars believed in discovering and applying principles of administration to enhance efficiency and economy. Explore the concept that administration is universal and public administration is a science.