30 Questions
What is a key characteristic of Stage 1 Pressure Injury?
Non-Blanchable Redness of a localized area over a bony prominence
What does 'non-blanchable' mean in the context of a Stage 1 Pressure Injury?
The redness does not go away when the skin is pressed.
Which part of the body is typically affected by Stage 1 Pressure Injuries?
Bony prominence
What does the red color in a Stage 1 Pressure Injury indicate?
Signs of capillary compromise
Why might the analogy of a red apple be used to describe Stage 1 Pressure Injuries?
Because the red color does not go away when touched, similar to non-blanchable redness.
What is a common history factor for Incontinence Associated Dermatitis (IAD)?
Urinary and/or faecal incontinence
Where is a common location for Incontinence Associated Dermatitis (IAD)?
Perineum, perigenital, peristomal area; buttocks; gluteal fold; medial and posterior aspects of upper thighs; lower back
What symptoms are associated with Incontinence Associated Dermatitis (IAD)?
Pain, burning, itching, tingling
How are the edges of affected areas described in Incontinence Associated Dermatitis (IAD)?
Diffuse with poorly defined edges
What is a distinguishing factor between the location of IAD and pressure ulcers?
IAD typically occurs in areas affected by incontinence, whereas pressure ulcers usually form over bony prominences.
In the first image, is the skin intact or broken?
1
Does the second image show skin with or without infection?
A
In the third image, what is the condition of the skin: intact or broken?
2
Does the fourth image show an infection?
B
Which images show broken skin?
2, 3, 4
What is a common skin reaction observed in lighter skin tones?
Blanching
How does persistent erythema manifest in darker skin tones?
Hyperpigmentation
What differentiates erythema presentation in darker skin compared to lighter skin?
Persistent erythema and hyperpigmentation
What is a typical characteristic of erythema in lighter skin tones?
Blanching
What skin color change is less likely to occur in darker skin tones?
Blanching
What is the main distinguishing factor of Category 1A in GLOBIAD stages of incontinence associated dermatitis?
Persistent redness without clinical signs of infection
What additional criterion might you observe in a patient with Category 1B?
Marked areas of discoloration from a previous Thrush/Skin defect
How does Category 2A differ from Category 2B in terms of infection?
Category 2A is without clinical signs of infection, while Category 2B includes clinical signs of infection.
What persistent condition is a critical criterion in both 1A and 1B?
Persistent redness
Which type of lesion suggests a fungal infection in Category 1B?
White pitting of the skin
Name a critical criterion of Category 2 that involves skin damage.
Skin loss
What feeling might a patient with Category 1B experience at palpation?
The skin may feel tense or swollen.
What type of infection is commonly associated with Category 2B?
Candida albicans fungal infection
Which GLOBIAD category involves skin loss and no signs of infection?
2A
What additional symptom are found in both 1A and 1B?
Burning, tingling, itching or pain
Study Notes
Stage 1 Pressure Injury
- Intact skin with non-blanchable redness over a localized area, typically over bony prominence
- Characterized by capillary compromise within the skin layer
Differentiating Skin Tones
- In lighter skin tones, non-blanchable redness appears as red color
- In darker skin tones, non-blanchable redness appears as persistent erythema and hyperpigmentation
GLOBIAD Stages of Incontinence Associated Dermatitis
- Category 1: Persistent redness
- 1A: Persistent redness without clinical signs of infection
- 1B: Persistent redness with clinical signs of infection
- Category 2: Skin loss
- 2A: Skin loss without clinical signs of infection
- 2B: Skin loss with clinical signs of infection
Characteristics of GLOBIAD Stages
- Critical criteria: persistent redness, skin loss, signs of inflammation, satellite lesions
- Additional criteria: marked areas of discoloration, shiny appearance, macerated skin, intact vesicles and bullae, skin tension or swelling, burning, tingling, itching, or pain
Incontinence Associated Dermatitis (IAD) vs. Pressure Ulcer
- IAD: caused by urinary and/or fecal incontinence, affects perineum, perigenital, and peristomal areas, diffuse with poorly defined edges
- Pressure Ulcer: caused by exposure to pressure/shear, typically over bony prominence, distinct edges or margins
Identify the characteristics of Stage 1 pressure injury, including non-blanchable redness over bony prominences. Learn to recognize the signs of capillary compromise in skin.
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