Stability of Cycloalkanes: Ring Strain and Conformations
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Questions and Answers

Why do cycloalkanes have a lower number of hydrogen atoms compared to acyclic alkanes with the same number of carbon atoms?

  • Because they have a higher molecular weight
  • Because they have no ends that need to be capped off with hydrogen atoms (correct)
  • Because they have a more stable molecular structure
  • Because they have a more compact cyclic shape
  • What is the general molecular formula for simple cycloalkanes?

  • CnH2n (correct)
  • CnHn
  • CnHn+2
  • CnH2n+2
  • What is the main reason for the difference in physical properties between cycloalkanes and branched acyclic alkanes?

  • The difference in molecular weight
  • The difference in boiling points
  • The difference in number of hydrogen atoms
  • The difference in molecular shape (correct)
  • Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of cycloalkanes?

    <p>They have a high heat of combustion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of ring strain on the stability of cycloalkanes?

    <p>It decreases the stability of cycloalkanes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the molecular weight of cycloalkanes and their boiling points?

    <p>Their boiling points increase with increasing molecular weight</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the general molecular formula for a cycloalkane?

    <p>(CH2)n</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is the molar heat of combustion of cyclohexane nearly twice that of cyclopropane?

    <p>Because cyclohexane contains twice as many methylene groups</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of dividing the heat of combustion by the number of methylene groups?

    <p>To compare the relative stabilities of cycloalkanes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the reference value used to compare the relative amounts of ring strain in cycloalkanes?

    <p>658.6 kJ (157.4 kcal) per mole of groups</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cycloalkane has no ring strain at all?

    <p>Cyclohexane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the general trend of ring strain in cycloalkanes as the number of methylene groups increases?

    <p>Ring strain decreases with the number of methylene groups</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for the higher stability of five-membered and six-membered rings?

    <p>Their bond angles are closest to the ideal 109.5°</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the strain associated with the orbitals of carbon–carbon bonds not achieving optimum overlap?

    <p>Baeyer strain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do eclipsed bonds give rise to strain in cycloalkanes?

    <p>Because they have a higher torsional strain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the Nobel Prize winner who first attempted to explain the relative stabilities of cyclic molecules?

    <p>Adolf von Baeyer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the bond angle of carbon atoms in acyclic alkanes?

    <p>109.5°</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of strain is present in a planar cyclobutane?

    <p>Both torsional strain and angle strain</p> Signup and view all the answers

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