Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which condition can mimic ST segment elevation of infarction on an ECG?
Which condition can mimic ST segment elevation of infarction on an ECG?
- Left bundle branch block (LBBB) (correct)
- Supraventricular tachycardia
- Ventricular tachycardia
- Atrial fibrillation
What is a normal electrocardiographic variant that does not imply or exclude ACS or CAD?
What is a normal electrocardiographic variant that does not imply or exclude ACS or CAD?
- Prinzmetal's angina
- Pericarditis
- Benign early repolarization (BER) (correct)
- Myocarditis
What is the usual J point elevation in benign early repolarization (BER)?
What is the usual J point elevation in benign early repolarization (BER)?
- $< 1$ mm
- $< 3.5$ mm (correct)
- $< 2$ mm
- $> 5$ mm
What is a characteristic of the ST segment in benign early repolarization (BER)?
What is a characteristic of the ST segment in benign early repolarization (BER)?
In acute pericarditis, the ST segments are typically:
In acute pericarditis, the ST segments are typically:
Which leads usually show ST segment elevation in pericarditis?
Which leads usually show ST segment elevation in pericarditis?
What electrocardiographic finding is associated with pericarditis and is best seen in the inferior leads and lead V6?
What electrocardiographic finding is associated with pericarditis and is best seen in the inferior leads and lead V6?
Why is the term 'myopericarditis' considered more appropriate than 'pericarditis'?
Why is the term 'myopericarditis' considered more appropriate than 'pericarditis'?
What is the characteristic ST segment morphology that strongly suggests STEMI on an ECG?
What is the characteristic ST segment morphology that strongly suggests STEMI on an ECG?
In pericarditis, which electrocardiographic finding is both insensitive and specific, and is typically best seen in the inferior leads and lead V6?
In pericarditis, which electrocardiographic finding is both insensitive and specific, and is typically best seen in the inferior leads and lead V6?
What is the term used to describe a more appropriate diagnosis than 'pericarditis' due to the electrical silence of the pericardium?
What is the term used to describe a more appropriate diagnosis than 'pericarditis' due to the electrical silence of the pericardium?
Which leads usually show ST segment elevation in benign early repolarization (BER)?
Which leads usually show ST segment elevation in benign early repolarization (BER)?
Which condition can mimic ST segment elevation of infarction on an ECG?
Which condition can mimic ST segment elevation of infarction on an ECG?
What is a characteristic of the ST segment in benign early repolarization (BER)?
What is a characteristic of the ST segment in benign early repolarization (BER)?
In acute pericarditis, the ST segments are typically:
In acute pericarditis, the ST segments are typically:
What electrocardiographic finding is associated with pericarditis and is best seen in the inferior leads and lead V6?
What electrocardiographic finding is associated with pericarditis and is best seen in the inferior leads and lead V6?
Which of the following may help distinguish acute anterior MI from LVA?
Which of the following may help distinguish acute anterior MI from LVA?
In a clinical situation strongly suggestive of ACS, a new LBBB may indicate:
In a clinical situation strongly suggestive of ACS, a new LBBB may indicate:
Where are ST segment elevation and tall, vaulted, upright T waves mimicking those seen in anterior STEMI often observed?
Where are ST segment elevation and tall, vaulted, upright T waves mimicking those seen in anterior STEMI often observed?
What is a confounding pattern that reduces the ECG’s ability to indicate ACS?
What is a confounding pattern that reduces the ECG’s ability to indicate ACS?
What may help distinguish acute anterior MI from LVA?
What may help distinguish acute anterior MI from LVA?
Where are ST segment elevation and tall, vaulted, upright T waves mimicking those seen in anterior STEMI often observed?
Where are ST segment elevation and tall, vaulted, upright T waves mimicking those seen in anterior STEMI often observed?
What is a confounding pattern that reduces the ECG’s ability to indicate ACS?
What is a confounding pattern that reduces the ECG’s ability to indicate ACS?
In a clinical situation strongly suggestive of ACS, what may indicate ACS when considering LBBB?
In a clinical situation strongly suggestive of ACS, what may indicate ACS when considering LBBB?
What is the specificity score required for accuracy in diagnosing AMI in the presence of LBBB, based on the identified electrocardiographic predictors?
What is the specificity score required for accuracy in diagnosing AMI in the presence of LBBB, based on the identified electrocardiographic predictors?
Which electrocardiographic finding is recommended to be further tested if it features only discordant ST segment elevation of 5 mm or more but neither of the other two criteria?
Which electrocardiographic finding is recommended to be further tested if it features only discordant ST segment elevation of 5 mm or more but neither of the other two criteria?
What weighted score is assigned to ST segment depression of at least 1 mm in lead V1, V2, or V3 as an electrocardiographic predictor of AMI in the presence of LBBB?
What weighted score is assigned to ST segment depression of at least 1 mm in lead V1, V2, or V3 as an electrocardiographic predictor of AMI in the presence of LBBB?
What is the specificity score required for accuracy in diagnosing AMI in the presence of LBBB, based on the identified electrocardiographic predictors?
What is the specificity score required for accuracy in diagnosing AMI in the presence of LBBB, based on the identified electrocardiographic predictors?
Which electrocardiographic finding is recommended to be further tested if it features only discordant ST segment elevation of 5 mm or more but neither of the other two criteria?
Which electrocardiographic finding is recommended to be further tested if it features only discordant ST segment elevation of 5 mm or more but neither of the other two criteria?
What weighted score is assigned to ST segment elevation of at least 1 mm that is concordant with the QRS complex as an electrocardiographic predictor of AMI in the presence of LBBB?
What weighted score is assigned to ST segment elevation of at least 1 mm that is concordant with the QRS complex as an electrocardiographic predictor of AMI in the presence of LBBB?
What is considered diagnostic of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in the modified Sgarbossa criteria?
What is considered diagnostic of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in the modified Sgarbossa criteria?
What should be considered a high-risk presentation when occurring in a patient with a compelling presentation for AMI?
What should be considered a high-risk presentation when occurring in a patient with a compelling presentation for AMI?
What can mimic and mask the manifestations of AMI, creating a wide QRS complex with a pseudo-LBBB pattern?
What can mimic and mask the manifestations of AMI, creating a wide QRS complex with a pseudo-LBBB pattern?
What should be applied when the ECG is not diagnostic for acute infarction as noted by the Sgarbossa criteria?
What should be applied when the ECG is not diagnostic for acute infarction as noted by the Sgarbossa criteria?
What is considered diagnostic of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in the modified Sgarbossa criteria?
What is considered diagnostic of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in the modified Sgarbossa criteria?
In a patient with a compelling presentation for AMI, what should be considered a high-risk presentation?
In a patient with a compelling presentation for AMI, what should be considered a high-risk presentation?
What can mimic and mask the manifestations of AMI, creating a wide QRS complex with a pseudo-LBBB pattern?
What can mimic and mask the manifestations of AMI, creating a wide QRS complex with a pseudo-LBBB pattern?
What should be applied when the ECG is not diagnostic for acute infarction as noted by the Sgarbossa criteria?
What should be applied when the ECG is not diagnostic for acute infarction as noted by the Sgarbossa criteria?
What is a confounding pattern that reduces the ECG’s ability to indicate ACS?
What is a confounding pattern that reduces the ECG’s ability to indicate ACS?
What is a characteristic of the ST segment in left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) that may mimic or obscure ACS on the ECG?
What is a characteristic of the ST segment in left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) that may mimic or obscure ACS on the ECG?
Where are ST segment elevation and tall, vaulted, upright T waves mimicking those seen in anterior STEMI often observed?
Where are ST segment elevation and tall, vaulted, upright T waves mimicking those seen in anterior STEMI often observed?
What electrocardiographic finding is associated with pericarditis and is best seen in the inferior leads and lead V6?
What electrocardiographic finding is associated with pericarditis and is best seen in the inferior leads and lead V6?
What electrocardiographic finding is associated with Takotsubo cardiomyopathy?
What electrocardiographic finding is associated with Takotsubo cardiomyopathy?
Which condition is characterized by a strain pattern in the left precordial leads and a mirror image pattern in the right precordial leads?
Which condition is characterized by a strain pattern in the left precordial leads and a mirror image pattern in the right precordial leads?
What is a characteristic feature of Takotsubo cardiomyopathy on ventriculography or echocardiography?
What is a characteristic feature of Takotsubo cardiomyopathy on ventriculography or echocardiography?
What is characteristic of the changes in LVH over time?
What is characteristic of the changes in LVH over time?
Which electrocardiographic finding is associated with Takotsubo cardiomyopathy?
Which electrocardiographic finding is associated with Takotsubo cardiomyopathy?
What is a characteristic feature of Takotsubo cardiomyopathy on ventriculography or echocardiography?
What is a characteristic feature of Takotsubo cardiomyopathy on ventriculography or echocardiography?
What is a confounding pattern that reduces the ECG’s ability to indicate ACS?
What is a confounding pattern that reduces the ECG’s ability to indicate ACS?
What is a characteristic of the changes in LVH over time?
What is a characteristic of the changes in LVH over time?
What is a characteristic feature of the initial portion of the elevated ST segment in left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH)?
What is a characteristic feature of the initial portion of the elevated ST segment in left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH)?
Which electrocardiographic finding is associated with left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and may mimic or obscure acute coronary syndrome (ACS) on the ECG?
Which electrocardiographic finding is associated with left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and may mimic or obscure acute coronary syndrome (ACS) on the ECG?
Which of the following is a confounding pattern that reduces the ECG’s ability to indicate ACS?
Which of the following is a confounding pattern that reduces the ECG’s ability to indicate ACS?
What electrocardiographic finding may help distinguish acute anterior myocardial infarction (AMI) from left ventricular aneurysm (LVA)?
What electrocardiographic finding may help distinguish acute anterior myocardial infarction (AMI) from left ventricular aneurysm (LVA)?
What electrocardiographic manifestations are associated with NSTEMI?
What electrocardiographic manifestations are associated with NSTEMI?
What may lead to the absence of ST segment elevation in NSTEMI?
What may lead to the absence of ST segment elevation in NSTEMI?
What is the significance of ST segment depression on the initial ECG in NSTEMI?
What is the significance of ST segment depression on the initial ECG in NSTEMI?
What does ST segment depression in leads V1 to V3 or V4 in NSTEMI may indicate?
What does ST segment depression in leads V1 to V3 or V4 in NSTEMI may indicate?
What electrocardiographic manifestations are associated with NSTEMI?
What electrocardiographic manifestations are associated with NSTEMI?
What percentage of in-hospital mortality rate is associated with patients having ST segment depression on the initial ECG?
What percentage of in-hospital mortality rate is associated with patients having ST segment depression on the initial ECG?
What may ST segment depression in leads V1 to V3 or V4 indicate in NSTEMI?
What may ST segment depression in leads V1 to V3 or V4 indicate in NSTEMI?
Why does the precise terminology for NSTEMI pose difficulties?
Why does the precise terminology for NSTEMI pose difficulties?
Which additional lead ECG application can be used for identifying ST segment changes in isolated leads or more than one?
Which additional lead ECG application can be used for identifying ST segment changes in isolated leads or more than one?
In which setting can additional lead applications like the 18-lead and 24-lead ECG be employed?
In which setting can additional lead applications like the 18-lead and 24-lead ECG be employed?
Which patients may demonstrate findings consistent with AMI when additional electrocardiographic leads are applied?
Which patients may demonstrate findings consistent with AMI when additional electrocardiographic leads are applied?
What does opinion-based recommendations suggest about the use of additional ECG leads in patients lacking significant 12-lead ECG abnormality?
What does opinion-based recommendations suggest about the use of additional ECG leads in patients lacking significant 12-lead ECG abnormality?
Which leads are used to enhance electrocardiographic imaging of the right ventricle in the 15-lead ECG?
Which leads are used to enhance electrocardiographic imaging of the right ventricle in the 15-lead ECG?
Where are posterior leads V8 and V9 placed in the 15-lead ECG?
Where are posterior leads V8 and V9 placed in the 15-lead ECG?
What is considered ST elevation in posterior leads V8 and V9?
What is considered ST elevation in posterior leads V8 and V9?
Which lead is considered the lead of choice to include in the 15-lead tracing for enhanced electrocardiographic imaging of the right ventricle?
Which lead is considered the lead of choice to include in the 15-lead tracing for enhanced electrocardiographic imaging of the right ventricle?
What is the purpose of using additional lead ECGs, such as the 15-lead ECG, in high-risk ACS patients?
What is the purpose of using additional lead ECGs, such as the 15-lead ECG, in high-risk ACS patients?
Which ST segment changes are considered for identification using additional lead ECGs?
Which ST segment changes are considered for identification using additional lead ECGs?
When should additional electrocardiographic leads be employed according to opinion-based recommendations?
When should additional electrocardiographic leads be employed according to opinion-based recommendations?
What is the limitation associated with the data on the use of additional lead ECGs for increasing the rate of STEMI diagnosis?
What is the limitation associated with the data on the use of additional lead ECGs for increasing the rate of STEMI diagnosis?
Where are posterior leads V8 and V9 placed in the 15-lead ECG?
Where are posterior leads V8 and V9 placed in the 15-lead ECG?
Which leads are used to enhance electrocardiographic imaging of the right ventricle in the 15-lead ECG?
Which leads are used to enhance electrocardiographic imaging of the right ventricle in the 15-lead ECG?
What is considered ST elevation in posterior leads V8 and V9?
What is considered ST elevation in posterior leads V8 and V9?
Which lead has the highest sensitivity for right ventricular infarction and is recommended to be included in the 15-lead tracing?
Which lead has the highest sensitivity for right ventricular infarction and is recommended to be included in the 15-lead tracing?
What is the recommended frequency for automated serial ECGs in ED patients with chest pain?
What is the recommended frequency for automated serial ECGs in ED patients with chest pain?
In patients admitted with nondiagnostic initial ECGs and symptoms consistent with ACS, how long of continuous 12-lead electrocardiographic monitoring is recommended in a coronary care unit setting?
In patients admitted with nondiagnostic initial ECGs and symptoms consistent with ACS, how long of continuous 12-lead electrocardiographic monitoring is recommended in a coronary care unit setting?
What is defined as ST segment episodes in the context of continuous electrocardiographic monitoring?
What is defined as ST segment episodes in the context of continuous electrocardiographic monitoring?
What is the interval for measuring ST segment trends during electrocardiographic surveillance in ED patients with chest pain?
What is the interval for measuring ST segment trends during electrocardiographic surveillance in ED patients with chest pain?
What is the recommended frequency for automated serial ECGs in ED patients with chest pain?
What is the recommended frequency for automated serial ECGs in ED patients with chest pain?
In patients admitted with nondiagnostic initial ECGs and symptoms consistent with ACS, how long of continuous 12-lead electrocardiographic monitoring is recommended in a coronary care unit setting?
In patients admitted with nondiagnostic initial ECGs and symptoms consistent with ACS, how long of continuous 12-lead electrocardiographic monitoring is recommended in a coronary care unit setting?
What defines ST segment episodes in the context of continuous electrocardiographic monitoring in a coronary care unit setting?
What defines ST segment episodes in the context of continuous electrocardiographic monitoring in a coronary care unit setting?
How often should ST segment trends be measured during electrocardiographic surveillance in ED patients with chest pain?
How often should ST segment trends be measured during electrocardiographic surveillance in ED patients with chest pain?
What is the sensitivity of a single ECG for AMI?
What is the sensitivity of a single ECG for AMI?
What percentage of patients diagnosed with STEMI have an initially nondiagnostic ECG in the ED?
What percentage of patients diagnosed with STEMI have an initially nondiagnostic ECG in the ED?
What can exclude AMI in patients being evaluated for ACS?
What can exclude AMI in patients being evaluated for ACS?
What does a single normal or nondiagnostic ECG recorded well after the onset of symptoms ensure?
What does a single normal or nondiagnostic ECG recorded well after the onset of symptoms ensure?
What is the sensitivity of a single ECG for AMI?
What is the sensitivity of a single ECG for AMI?
What percentage of patients ultimately diagnosed with STEMI have a nondiagnostic initial ECG in the ED?
What percentage of patients ultimately diagnosed with STEMI have a nondiagnostic initial ECG in the ED?
What percentage of patients ultimately diagnosed with AMI have nondiagnostic ECGs earlier in their course?
What percentage of patients ultimately diagnosed with AMI have nondiagnostic ECGs earlier in their course?
What can exclude AMI in patients being evaluated for ACS?
What can exclude AMI in patients being evaluated for ACS?
What can be considered an insensitive sign of aortic dissection in ACS?
What can be considered an insensitive sign of aortic dissection in ACS?
In AMI patients, what indicates a higher risk for increased mortality?
In AMI patients, what indicates a higher risk for increased mortality?
What may suggest the chronicity of the CHF syndrome in AMI patients?
What may suggest the chronicity of the CHF syndrome in AMI patients?
What may be considered an insensitive sign of aortic dissection in ACS?
What may be considered an insensitive sign of aortic dissection in ACS?
In AMI patients, what does the presence of heart failure on the chest radiograph indicate?
In AMI patients, what does the presence of heart failure on the chest radiograph indicate?
What may suggest the chronicity of the CHF syndrome in AMI patients?
What may suggest the chronicity of the CHF syndrome in AMI patients?
What role do biochemical markers play in the diagnosis, risk stratification, and guidance of treatment of ACS?
What role do biochemical markers play in the diagnosis, risk stratification, and guidance of treatment of ACS?
What caution is advised when a single initial serum marker level is not elevated in patients with a nondiagnostic ECG?
What caution is advised when a single initial serum marker level is not elevated in patients with a nondiagnostic ECG?
What remains the most vital portion of the diagnostic evaluation of potential ACS?
What remains the most vital portion of the diagnostic evaluation of potential ACS?
What type of marker to identify myocardial ischemia without myocardial necrosis is not yet available?
What type of marker to identify myocardial ischemia without myocardial necrosis is not yet available?
Which serum marker confirms a presumptive diagnosis of NSTEMI in patients with a nondiagnostic ECG?
Which serum marker confirms a presumptive diagnosis of NSTEMI in patients with a nondiagnostic ECG?
What is the caution advised when a single initial serum marker level is not elevated in patients with a nondiagnostic ECG?
What is the caution advised when a single initial serum marker level is not elevated in patients with a nondiagnostic ECG?
What remains the most vital portion of the diagnostic evaluation of potential ACS?
What remains the most vital portion of the diagnostic evaluation of potential ACS?
What can be used to rule out acute coronary event occurrence in patients with symptoms consistent with unstable angina?
What can be used to rule out acute coronary event occurrence in patients with symptoms consistent with unstable angina?
When do serum troponin levels begin to rise measurably in the serum?
When do serum troponin levels begin to rise measurably in the serum?
How long do troponin levels remain elevated in the serum?
How long do troponin levels remain elevated in the serum?
What is considered an elevated level of troponin?
What is considered an elevated level of troponin?
What is recommended for evaluating patients presenting with recent onset of symptoms regarding troponin measurements?
What is recommended for evaluating patients presenting with recent onset of symptoms regarding troponin measurements?
Which biomarker is utilized by the HEART score, HEART Pathway, and EDACS-ADP pathway for evaluation of ACS?
Which biomarker is utilized by the HEART score, HEART Pathway, and EDACS-ADP pathway for evaluation of ACS?
What does the biphasic rise in serum troponin levels after myocardial injury correspond to?
What does the biphasic rise in serum troponin levels after myocardial injury correspond to?
What is the duration of sustained release of troponins following myocardial cell injury?
What is the duration of sustained release of troponins following myocardial cell injury?
Which proteins precede the release of creatine kinase-MB fraction (CK-MB) into the serum during myocardial ischemia?
Which proteins precede the release of creatine kinase-MB fraction (CK-MB) into the serum during myocardial ischemia?
What is the recommended action for evaluating patients presenting with recent onset of symptoms regarding troponin measurements?
What is the recommended action for evaluating patients presenting with recent onset of symptoms regarding troponin measurements?
What defines an elevated level of troponin?
What defines an elevated level of troponin?
What is the sensitivity of traditional troponin assays to detect abnormal low troponin levels?
What is the sensitivity of traditional troponin assays to detect abnormal low troponin levels?
When do serum troponin levels begin to rise measurably after onset?
When do serum troponin levels begin to rise measurably after onset?
Which of the following is true regarding the role of cardiac troponin in the evaluation of ACS?
Which of the following is true regarding the role of cardiac troponin in the evaluation of ACS?
What is the biokinetics of troponin release related to?
What is the biokinetics of troponin release related to?
What do myocardial troponin I (TnI) and troponin T (TnT) precede during myocardial ischemia?
What do myocardial troponin I (TnI) and troponin T (TnT) precede during myocardial ischemia?
What defines the sustained release of troponins following myocardial cell injury?
What defines the sustained release of troponins following myocardial cell injury?
What is the recommended interval for measuring high-sensitivity troponin (hs-T) assay testing when combined with other appropriate clinical data?
What is the recommended interval for measuring high-sensitivity troponin (hs-T) assay testing when combined with other appropriate clinical data?
What do detectable serum troponin levels with a high-sensitivity troponin assay indicate?
What do detectable serum troponin levels with a high-sensitivity troponin assay indicate?
What percentage of patients at risk of 30-day major adverse cardiac event (MACE) can be identified using serial hs-T assay testing combined with other appropriate clinical data?
What percentage of patients at risk of 30-day major adverse cardiac event (MACE) can be identified using serial hs-T assay testing combined with other appropriate clinical data?
What concern has been expressed by some clinicians regarding the increased utilization of high-sensitivity troponin (hs-T)?
What concern has been expressed by some clinicians regarding the increased utilization of high-sensitivity troponin (hs-T)?
What is the recommended protocol for patients with chest pain onset greater than 3 hours from presentation?
What is the recommended protocol for patients with chest pain onset greater than 3 hours from presentation?
What is the significance of very low or undetectable hs-T level upon presentation in patients?
What is the significance of very low or undetectable hs-T level upon presentation in patients?
What should be noted about troponin elevation in isolation?
What should be noted about troponin elevation in isolation?
What do elevated troponin levels in asymptomatic patients with end-stage renal disease commonly indicate?
What do elevated troponin levels in asymptomatic patients with end-stage renal disease commonly indicate?
What is associated with elevated troponin levels in the setting of renal failure?
What is associated with elevated troponin levels in the setting of renal failure?
When should a repeat troponin level be measured?
When should a repeat troponin level be measured?
What percentage of healthy subjects should a highly sensitive troponin assay result in reportable levels of troponin in?
What percentage of healthy subjects should a highly sensitive troponin assay result in reportable levels of troponin in?
What outcome is associated with even very low elevations of high-sensitivity troponin levels?
What outcome is associated with even very low elevations of high-sensitivity troponin levels?
What does serial high-sensitivity troponin (hs-T) assay testing combined with appropriate clinical data aid in identifying with greater than 99% sensitivity?
What does serial high-sensitivity troponin (hs-T) assay testing combined with appropriate clinical data aid in identifying with greater than 99% sensitivity?
What is a concern expressed by some clinicians regarding the increased utilization of high-sensitivity troponin (hs-T)?
What is a concern expressed by some clinicians regarding the increased utilization of high-sensitivity troponin (hs-T)?
What is the recommended protocol for patients with chest pain presenting greater than 3 hours from symptom onset?
What is the recommended protocol for patients with chest pain presenting greater than 3 hours from symptom onset?
What is the significance of very low or undetectable hs-T level upon presentation in patients?
What is the significance of very low or undetectable hs-T level upon presentation in patients?
What should be noted about troponin elevation in isolation?
What should be noted about troponin elevation in isolation?
What do elevated troponin levels in asymptomatic patients with end-stage renal disease commonly indicate?
What do elevated troponin levels in asymptomatic patients with end-stage renal disease commonly indicate?
What is the association between elevated troponin levels and sepsis or critically ill patients?
What is the association between elevated troponin levels and sepsis or critically ill patients?
What should be considered when elevated troponin levels are observed in patients without evidence of ACS?
What should be considered when elevated troponin levels are observed in patients without evidence of ACS?
What does current expert opinion suggest about utilizing a very low or undetectable hs-T level upon presentation for ruling out acute myocardial injury?
What does current expert opinion suggest about utilizing a very low or undetectable hs-T level upon presentation for ruling out acute myocardial injury?
In which subset of patients are troponin level elevations associated with increased morbidity and mortality?
In which subset of patients are troponin level elevations associated with increased morbidity and mortality?
Which serum marker is rapidly released into the circulation after cellular injury?
Which serum marker is rapidly released into the circulation after cellular injury?
In the setting of acute myocardial infarction (AMI), when does creatinine phosphokinase-MB (CK-MB) become detectable in the serum?
In the setting of acute myocardial infarction (AMI), when does creatinine phosphokinase-MB (CK-MB) become detectable in the serum?
What may lead to abnormal elevations of creatinine phosphokinase-MB (CK-MB) levels?
What may lead to abnormal elevations of creatinine phosphokinase-MB (CK-MB) levels?
Why has creatinine phosphokinase-MB (CK-MB) been virtually eliminated from modern clinical decision rules for acute coronary syndrome evaluation in the emergency department?
Why has creatinine phosphokinase-MB (CK-MB) been virtually eliminated from modern clinical decision rules for acute coronary syndrome evaluation in the emergency department?
What is the reason for myoglobin largely falling out of favor as an early indicator of myocardial injury?
What is the reason for myoglobin largely falling out of favor as an early indicator of myocardial injury?
Which marker is a potentially useful ACS biomarker that reportedly detects early myocardial ischemia rather than the later myocyte necrosis?
Which marker is a potentially useful ACS biomarker that reportedly detects early myocardial ischemia rather than the later myocyte necrosis?
Which marker is generally used as a marker for heart failure but has good predictive power for recurrent ACS events and cardiac-related deaths?
Which marker is generally used as a marker for heart failure but has good predictive power for recurrent ACS events and cardiac-related deaths?
What is the significance of the natriuretic peptides in patients with UA, NSTEMI, and STEMI?
What is the significance of the natriuretic peptides in patients with UA, NSTEMI, and STEMI?
What has limited benefit in the ED evaluation of ACS with the advent of standard and high-sensitivity troponin assays?
What has limited benefit in the ED evaluation of ACS with the advent of standard and high-sensitivity troponin assays?
What is a concern regarding the increased utilization of high-sensitivity troponin (hs-T)?
What is a concern regarding the increased utilization of high-sensitivity troponin (hs-T)?
What is a characteristic feature of Takotsubo cardiomyopathy on ventriculography or echocardiography?
What is a characteristic feature of Takotsubo cardiomyopathy on ventriculography or echocardiography?
What is released from cardiac myocytes in response to increases in ventricular wall stress?
What is released from cardiac myocytes in response to increases in ventricular wall stress?
What may elevated plasma levels of myeloperoxidase predict, even with negative cardiac troponin levels and no evidence of myocardial necrosis?
What may elevated plasma levels of myeloperoxidase predict, even with negative cardiac troponin levels and no evidence of myocardial necrosis?
What may be useful in evaluating the risk of a cardiac event by having long-term prognostic value for healthy individuals and potential short-term prognostic value when combined with other markers for ACS?
What may be useful in evaluating the risk of a cardiac event by having long-term prognostic value for healthy individuals and potential short-term prognostic value when combined with other markers for ACS?
Which serum marker is rapidly released into the circulation after cellular injury, peaks at 5 to 7 hours, and returns to baseline by 24 hours?
Which serum marker is rapidly released into the circulation after cellular injury, peaks at 5 to 7 hours, and returns to baseline by 24 hours?
Which condition may lead to abnormal elevations of creatinine phosphokinase-MB (CK-MB) levels, potentially causing confounding interpretations?
Which condition may lead to abnormal elevations of creatinine phosphokinase-MB (CK-MB) levels, potentially causing confounding interpretations?
In contemporary emergency departments, which marker has been virtually eliminated from modern clinical decision rules for acute coronary syndrome evaluation due to the increased sensitivity of troponin level assays?
In contemporary emergency departments, which marker has been virtually eliminated from modern clinical decision rules for acute coronary syndrome evaluation due to the increased sensitivity of troponin level assays?
Which muscle tissue contains small amounts of creatinine phosphokinase-MB (CK-MB), potentially leading to non-specific elevations in the serum?
Which muscle tissue contains small amounts of creatinine phosphokinase-MB (CK-MB), potentially leading to non-specific elevations in the serum?
Which cardiac-specific myonecrosis marker is mentioned in the text?
Which cardiac-specific myonecrosis marker is mentioned in the text?
What is the potential use of ischemia-modified albumin in ACS biomarker evaluation?
What is the potential use of ischemia-modified albumin in ACS biomarker evaluation?
Which biomarker is known for its long-term prognostic value for cardiac events in healthy individuals?
Which biomarker is known for its long-term prognostic value for cardiac events in healthy individuals?
What is the primary role of natriuretic peptides in ACS patients?
What is the primary role of natriuretic peptides in ACS patients?
What has limited benefit in the ED evaluation of ACS, according to the text?
What has limited benefit in the ED evaluation of ACS, according to the text?
What is a potential drawback of using myoglobin as an early indicator of myocardial injury?
What is a potential drawback of using myoglobin as an early indicator of myocardial injury?
