Questions and Answers
What are the components of instrument anatomy?
What is the purpose of jaws in surgical instruments?
Hold tissue securely and ensure points meet.
What is the joint/box lock in a clamp?
The most difficult part of the clamp to clean.
How does the length of a shank affect surgical instruments?
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Ratchets are interlocking parts between the finger rings of surgical instruments.
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What do tips of surgical instruments refer to?
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What is the primary use of cutting and dissecting instruments?
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What types of scissors are mentioned?
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What are tissue forceps also called?
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What are towel clips used for?
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What type of clamp is designed to occlude or constrict tissue?
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What is a characteristic of rod-like instruments used for probing?
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Suctioning removes blood and bodily fluids from an operative site.
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What is the function of needle holders?
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What is important for instrument handling?
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How should instruments be cleaned intra-operatively?
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What is the role of the decontamination area?
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Study Notes
Instrument Anatomy
- Consists of finger rings, ratchet, shank, box lock, jaws, and tips.
Jaws
- Designed to hold tissue securely, with points that should meet.
- Can be angled at 45 or 90 degrees and may feature various serrations.
Joint/Box Lock
- The cleaning of this part of the clamp is difficult.
Shank
- Length of the shank influences the force applied; located between the joint and finger rings.
Ratchets
- Interlocking components that mesh smoothly, keeping the instrument closed.
- Difficult to clean and are an essential part of surgical instruments.
Tips
- Can be pointed or rounded, affecting their use.
Cutting and Dissecting Instruments
- Sharp-edged instruments are used for incision and tissue excision.
Knife/Scalpel
- Available in various sizes with disposable blades.
- Handles include sizes #3, #3L, #4, #7, compatible with specific blade types.
Scissors
- Utilize multiple types for tissue management, including tissue and suture scissors.
- Specialized scissors include Potts-Smith and Jorgenson models, designed for specific applications.
Grasping and Holding Instruments
- Designed for tissue manipulation, aiding dissection or suturing.
- Must ensure a firm grip with minimal tissue trauma.
Ratcheted Grasping/Holding Instruments
- Common types include Allis, Babcock, Kocher, and Ochsner.
Tissue Forceps
- Also known as pick-ups or thumb forceps, used without ratchets for tissue grasping.
Types of Forceps
- Vary by design: Teeth (for heavy tissue), serrated (for delicate structures), or smooth (for sensitive tissue).
Towel Clips
- Used to hold drapes together; types include Edna (non-penetrating) and Backhaus (penetrating).
Clamping/Occluding Instruments
- Designed to constrict tissue and control blood flow, such as hemostatic clamps.
Anatomy of a Clamp
- Features finger ring handles, interlocking ratchets, shanks connecting to box lock, and atraumatic jaws.
Characteristics of a Clamp
- Can be straight or curved, with serrations that prevent tissue damage during use.
Retracting/Viewing Instruments
- Designed to expose operative sites while protecting underlying tissues.
Types of Retractors
- Include hand-held (sharp rake-like), flat malleable, and self-retaining retractors.
Probing Instruments
- Malleable, wire-like instruments used to explore structures.
Dilating Instruments
- Gradually widen orifices, often found in numbered sets for various specializations.
Suturing
- Involves closing wounds or incisions through stitching or similar methods.
Needle Holders
- Grasp and hold suture needles; types include fine, regular, and heavy based on needle size and tissue type.
Suctioning Instruments
- Remove bodily fluids to improve surgical visibility; types include disposable and non-disposable options.
Endoscopic Instruments
- Used for minimally invasive procedures, varying in size and capabilities, including cautery functions.
Robotic Instruments
- Operated by a pulley system within a robotic arm for precision in minimally invasive surgeries.
Micro-Instruments
- Fine, delicate tools typically washed by hand, needing careful handling and separate storage.
Instrument Handling
- Instruments should only be used as intended; handle gently to avoid damage.
Intra-operative Cleaning
- Requires cleaning instruments with sterile water during procedures to prevent corrosion.
Instrument Care
- Involves thorough inspection before and after use; damaged instruments should be set aside for repair.
Handling Techniques
- Instruments passed to surgeons in functional position; movements should be positive and decisive.
Sharps Handling
- Needles and blades should be secured in holders and disposed of immediately in sharps containers.
Instrument Cleaning
- Begins immediately after use; instruments must be disassembled and cleaned thoroughly.
Decontamination Area
- Use neutral pH detergents; avoid abrasives that could damage instruments.
Reassembly
- Instruments are organized into specialized sets for various surgical specialties.
Counting Instruments
- An initial count occurs before cases begin, ensuring all instruments are accounted for throughout procedures.
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Description
Test your knowledge of the essential anatomy and handling of surgical instruments with this flashcard quiz. Each card covers vital terms and their definitions related to instrumentation used in medical settings. Perfect for students in surgical technology or related fields.
