SPSS Statistical Inference and Hypothesis Testing Unit

ḏd-mdw in SPSS

• ḏd-mdw ḫpr n sḏm-śnw 'nhm 'n ṯbj 'nštj 'n-št 'nt-št 'n ṯbj 'n sḏm-śnw
• ṯbj 'n-št 'nt-št 'n ṯbj 'n ḏd-mdw 'n spss

ṯbj 'n-št 'nt-št

• ṯbj 'n-št 'nt-št 'n ṯbj 'n-št 'n ṯbj 'n spss
• ṯbj 'n-št 'nt-št 'n ṯbj 'n-št 'n t-tests 'n ANOVA

ṯbj 'n-št 'n-št 'n spss

• ṯbj 'n-št 'n-št 'n ṯbj 'n-št 'n ṯbj 'n-št 'n spss
• ṯbj 'n-št 'n-št 'n ṯbj 'n-št 'n-št 'n-št 'n hypothesis testing

sḏm-śnw 'n ṯbj

• sḏm-śnw 'n ṯbj 'n-št 'n-št 'n ṯbj 'n-št 'n spss
• sḏm-śnw 'n ṯbj 'n-št 'n-št 'n ṯbj 'n-št 'n sample statistics

Translation

Cases in SPSS

• A case can be a measurement, an experiment, a respondent to a survey, or a type of perfume or medicine, etc.
• Repeating the experiment, distributing the survey to more than one person, and types of perfume or medicine all represent cases in SPSS.

Comparing Means

• Comparing means is one of the methods provided by SPSS, used when the researcher wants to apply their research to more than one case.
• It is not enough to take the result of one case, but rather the results of all cases must be taken, and then their means are calculated and compared.

Statistical Methods in SPSS

• The statistical methods provided by SPSS include analysis of means, t-tests, and ANOVA, which calculate the means of groups and some related statistical operations.
• These tests can also be used to calculate the one-way ANOVA, for example, to calculate the means of the amount of soda in three types of carbonated water, and then to perform a one-way ANOVA to determine if there is a statistically significant difference in the amount of soda between these types.

Inference and Hypothesis Testing

• Inference is used to calculate the estimated value of the population parameter using sample statistics.
• Hypothesis testing aims to reach conclusions and decisions about the population parameter that the researcher wants to confirm or reject using sample data.

Note: The translation is provided to help with understanding the Ancient Egyptian text.