Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is a key difference between somatic and cognitive anxiety?
What is a key difference between somatic and cognitive anxiety?
In the individual zones for optimal functioning, which zone is characterized by the best performance in a low range of anxiety?
In the individual zones for optimal functioning, which zone is characterized by the best performance in a low range of anxiety?
Which theory suggests that as arousal increases, performance improves, but this relationship has limitations?
Which theory suggests that as arousal increases, performance improves, but this relationship has limitations?
What does the direction of anxiety refer to?
What does the direction of anxiety refer to?
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Which type of motivation is characterized by doing something for internal satisfaction rather than external rewards?
Which type of motivation is characterized by doing something for internal satisfaction rather than external rewards?
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What does the term 'catastrophe theory' address in relation to performance?
What does the term 'catastrophe theory' address in relation to performance?
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How does competitiveness relate to motivation?
How does competitiveness relate to motivation?
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Which aspect of stress refers to how an individual perceives environmental demands?
Which aspect of stress refers to how an individual perceives environmental demands?
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What is the key difference between an athlete with a high achievement motivation and an athlete with a low achievement motivation?
What is the key difference between an athlete with a high achievement motivation and an athlete with a low achievement motivation?
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Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of catastrophe theory as it relates to athletic performance?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of catastrophe theory as it relates to athletic performance?
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In the context of sports psychology, how does the concept of "reversal" apply to an athlete's performance?
In the context of sports psychology, how does the concept of "reversal" apply to an athlete's performance?
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Which of these is a somatic anxiety symptom?
Which of these is a somatic anxiety symptom?
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What is the primary focus of professional practice within sports psychology?
What is the primary focus of professional practice within sports psychology?
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According to Norman Triplett's "social facilitation" theory, how does the presence of others affect an athlete's performance?
According to Norman Triplett's "social facilitation" theory, how does the presence of others affect an athlete's performance?
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Which of the following is NOT a recognized career path in sports psychology?
Which of the following is NOT a recognized career path in sports psychology?
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What is the difference between a trait and a state in the realm of sports psychology?
What is the difference between a trait and a state in the realm of sports psychology?
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Study Notes
Sports Psychology Review
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Lowering Trait Anxiety: Breathing techniques, cognitive strategies to manage arousal, somatic (sensations) and cognitive (thoughts) anxiety.
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Scientific vs. Professional Practice: Scientific approach involves controlled lab experiments, while professional practice focuses on individual athletes and experiences.
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Athlete Types: Avoiding fear/shame (low achievers) vs. embracing the challenge (high achievers).
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Catastrophe Theory: Performance depends on the interaction of arousal and cognitive anxiety. High anxiety can quickly lead to a decline in performance past optimal arousal levels.
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Reversal Model: How arousal is interpreted (pleasant excitement vs. unpleasant anxiety) impacts performance. Low arousal can be boring, high can be exhilarating.
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Social Facilitation (Triplett): Simple tasks improve with others present, complex tasks worsen.
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Achievement Motivation/Need Achievement Theory: low achievers avoid shame/fear, high achievers need success.
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Sports Psychology Careers: Research, teaching, professional practice (counseling)
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Traits vs. States: Traits are consistent, stable personality characteristics, while states change based on the situation; anxiety is a state.
Physiological vs. Cognitive Anxiety
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Physiological/cognitive anxiety: physical symptoms (heart rate, sweating) and feelings/thoughts of worry.
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Individual Zones of Optimal Functioning (IZOF): Optimal performance occurs within specific ranges of arousal.
Competitiveness
- Competitiveness: Achievement behavior viewed socially; related to motivation.
Open-Response Questions
- Self-determination theory: Intrinsic motivation for tasks.
- Inverted U vs. Catastrophe Theory: Understanding optimal arousal levels vs. how high anxiety levels hurt performance.
- Arousal vs. Anxiety: Anxiety is related to negative thoughts and feelings, while arousal is a physiological state.
- Reversal Theory: Interpretation of anxiety determines performance (facilitative vs. debilitative).
Direction & Intensity of Anxiety/Motivation
- Direction: Person's interpretation of anxiety (positive vs. negative) affects performance.
- Intensity: Amount of anxiety experienced, affecting performance.
Viewing Anxiety as Facilitative
- Viewing anxiety positively helps superior performance.
Situational Stress
- Environmental demands and individual perceptions of these demands influence stress response and performance.
Drive Theory
- Performance improves with increasing arousal up to a point, then declines.
Emotions & Arousal
- Positive emotions help, while negative emotions hurt performance.
Somatic & Cognitive Anxiety
- Somatic: physical symptoms (physiological).
- Cognitive: mental anxieties, thoughts, fears (mental).
Interactional View of Motivation
- Motivation combines personal attributes and situational factors.
Achievement Motivation
- Types: Intrinsic (internal drive) & extrinsic (external rewards).
Outcome vs. Task Orientation
- Outcome: Comparing performance to others.
- Task: Improving relative to one's past performance.
Attribution Theory
- How people explain success and failures (locus of causality, stability, control).
Locus of Causality and Control
- Internal (effort, talent) vs. External (luck, other players).
- Internal control (in control) vs. External control (out of control).
Internal and External Factors
- Internal: Feelings, actions of the individual.
- External: Outside factors impacting players.
Behavior Modification
- Changing undesirable participant behaviors.
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Description
Test your knowledge on sports psychology concepts including anxiety management, athlete types, and performance theories. This quiz covers theories such as the Catastrophe Theory and Reversal Model, as well as practical applications for athletes. Boost your understanding of the psychological aspects affecting sports performance.
