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Sponge Anatomy and Characteristics

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Questions and Answers

What is the term 'Porifera' in the phylum Porifera derived from?

Jelly-like mesohyl

Multicellular organisms

Basal animal clade

Pore bearer (correct)

What is the function of the osculum in sponges?

To facilitate reproduction

To allow water to leave the central cavity (correct)

To aid in respiration

To deposit nutrients into the central cavity

What do sponges lack, unlike other animals?

Heterotrophic nature

Radial symmetry

True tissues and organs (correct)

Complex nervous system

What makes sponges the sister group of all other animals?

<p>They possibly branched off earliest from the last common ancestor of all animals</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of mesohyl in sponges' bodies?

<p>Jelly-like substance sandwiched between two thin layers of cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Porifera and Its Etymology

The term 'Porifera' is derived from Latin, meaning "pore-bearers," reflecting the numerous pores found in their body structure.

Function of the Osculum

The osculum is a large opening at the top of a sponge through which water exits after passing through the sponge's body, facilitating water circulation and waste removal.

Characteristics Unique to Sponges

Unlike other animals, sponges lack true tissues and organs, which distinguishes them in the animal kingdom.

Evolutionary Significance

Sponges are considered the sister group of all other animals due to their basal position in the evolutionary tree, representing the earliest divergence from the common ancestor of the metazoans.

Role of Mesohyl

Mesohyl is a gelatinous, supportive matrix within sponges that contains cells and skeletal elements, playing a critical role in maintaining structure and supporting various cellular functions.

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Description

Test your knowledge about the anatomy and characteristics of sponges, the basal animals belonging to the phylum Porifera. Learn about their multicellular bodies, specialized cells, and unique features.