Spirochetes L1

Key facts regarding Spirochetes: morphologically they are ____ or _____ bacteria

Spirochetes are gram + bacteria

Spirochetes stain poorly despite being gram -

What type of stain is used to identify spirochetes?

What environment to spirochetes grow and survive?

The motility of spirochetes are related to their capacity of ______ their host, cause _____ or ______ of the host.

What is one of the key characteristic of spirochetes?

What types of infections can spirochetes cause?

What method is commonly used for epidemiological investigations and clinical diagnosis of spirochetes?

How are spirochetes classified?

What are the three genuses of veterinary importance ?

Borrelia grow very quickly in specialized media

Which of the following is Borrelia?

Which one is Leptospira?

Which of the following is Brachyspira?

How is borrelia transmitted?

Borrelia is capable of surviving well in the environment.

Where can Borrelia be found if it is incapable of surviving in the environment?

How is Borrelia maintained in nature?

Which type of tick is primarily responsible for transmitting Borrelia in North America?

What role does the white-footed mouse play in the Borrelia life cycle?

What is the role of deer in the Borrelia life cycle?

Which of the following statements is TRUE about Borrelia transmission?

Borrelia can cause disease in which of the following groups?

Which of the following are the two species of Borrelia that cause disease? More than one may apply

Lyme borreliosis will be caused by the species: ________

B. Burgodorferi sense lato is a group of 13 species. The one we are focusing on the agent of Lyme in North America, and this species is:

B. Burgdorferi will be infecting the reservoir hosts that were transmitted by ticks. Which of the following are the reservoir hosts?

What are the clinical conditions that B. Burgdoferi cause?

Which mammals will be normally see arthritic, neurological and cardiac disease in?

Which mammals will we occasionally see arthritic, neurological and cardiac disease in?

What species of ticks is responsible for the Lyme borrelia ( B. Burgdorferi sensu stricto)

In which species has Lyme Borreliosis been reported?

Where and when was Lyme disease first identified?

What is the initial location of Borrelia in an unfed tick?

How long does a tick need to be attached for Borrelia transmission to occur?

After entering the host, where does Borrelia burgdorferi first multiply?

What is the typical incubation period for Lyme disease?

What is the function of OspF in Borrelia burgdorferi?

What is the function of OspA ?

What is the function of OspC?

What are the common clinical signs of Lyme borreliosis in humans?

What serious complications can Lyme disease cause in humans?

Which of the following statements about Lyme disease in dogs is true?

In horses, Lyme disease can cause all of the following EXCEPT:

What is required for a clinical diagnosis of Lyme disease?

Which diagnostic test is considered confirmatory for Lyme disease?

Why is PCR not useful for Lyme disease diagnosis in animals?

What is the purpose of the multiplex ELISA for Lyme disease in dogs and horses?

Why is Multiplex a good test for dogs and horses?

Match the test results of the Multiplex Elisa to it’s best description

Which antibiotics are recommended for treating acute Lyme disease in dogs?

How is chronic Lyme disease treated in dogs?