Spine Anatomy and Back Injuries Quiz

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

Which assessment tool uses a scoring system based on posture scores for evaluating whole body exertion?

REBA (correct)

RULA

HAL

PATH

What does the Liftshitz and Armstrong checklist focus on during its evaluation?

Hand and wrist usage (correct)

Whole body motion

Upper limb exertion

Non-cyclical jobs

Which assessment tool categorizes various postures using images and is best for non-cyclical jobs?

Revised Strain Index

HAL

3D Static Strength Prediction Program

PATH (correct)

Which of the following tools is best suited for analyzing jobs that may lead to distal upper extremity disorders?

Revised Strain Index Signup and view all the answers

In what scenario would the 3D Static Strength Prediction Program be most effectively utilized?

Job analysis for spine load risk Signup and view all the answers

What is the scoring range used by the HAL assessment method for tasks involving hand motions?

0-10 Signup and view all the answers

Which assessment tool involves assigning scores based on visual representation of postures?

RULA Signup and view all the answers

What type of job would most benefit from using the Revised Strain Index assessment method?

Jobs focusing on reaching tasks Signup and view all the answers

Which psychosocial factors are most commonly associated with increased musculoskeletal injury risk?

Job enjoyment and relationship with supervisor Signup and view all the answers

What effect does increased lumbar support have on disc pressure?

It decreases disc pressure Signup and view all the answers

In which occupational settings are neck and shoulder pain incidents more prevalent?

Health care and computer work Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary muscle and tendon associated with rotator cuff shoulder pain?

Supraspinatus tendon and muscle Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true regarding increased backrest inclination angles?

It leads to optimal disc pressure conditions Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to address psychosocial factors in return to work programs?

They significantly affect LBP disability and recovery Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of Balans chairs?

To reduce lower back strain by balancing weight distribution Signup and view all the answers

Which factors should be considered when providing seating for individuals who historically stood at work?

Back support, chair height, and arm rests Signup and view all the answers

What is one scenario in which tissues can become injured due to excessive load?

Tissue tolerance is exceeded by a single high intensity excessive load Signup and view all the answers

How does age affect the force needed to cause disc-vertebrae failure?

Younger individuals need a higher compressive force for failure Signup and view all the answers

Which type of loading scenario leads to a decrease in tissue tolerance due to repetitive activity?

Repeated low level loading Signup and view all the answers

Why is the 'J' curve significant in the context of physical activity and low back pain?

It suggests an optimal level of physical demands to minimize pain Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a generic physical risk factor for musculoskeletal discomfort?

Awkward postures during tasks Signup and view all the answers

What effect does spine twisting have on the disc and facet joints?

It increases pressure on facet joints Signup and view all the answers

In the context of the Risk Factor Matrix, which question pertains to the intensity of force?

How much force? Signup and view all the answers

What is a common scenario where individuals are exposed to whole body vibration?

While seated in vehicles or machinery Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Back Injuries

Lower back is the most common back injury, affecting ages 25-54.
25% of back injuries result in more than 30 days lost from work.

Spine Structure

Vertebral Body: Load-bearing part, can be injured by crush fractures.
Posterior Portion: Attachment point for muscles; injury occurs through excessive anterior/posterior shear forces.
Factors that affect tendon/ligament injury: loading rate, load amount, repetition, pre-existing damage. Strain occurs during large ranges of motion, with ligaments having a higher percentage of elastic fibers compared to tendons. Tendons connect muscle to bone while ligaments connect bone to bone.

Cartilage

Absorbs shock and distributes loads, preventing bone-on-bone wear.
Found in discs and vertebral endplates.
Fibrocartilage; no blood vessels, nutrients delivered through diffusion and spine motion.

Bone Structure

Outer: Compact bone, provides strength and stiffness.
Inner: Trabecular bone, large capacity for energy storage.
Bone remodeling responses to load (Wolf's Law).

Occupational Injuries

Fatigue fractures, osteoporosis, susceptibility to crushing in older workers are concerns.

Intervertebral Disc

Nucleus pulposus: Gelatinous mass (88% water), resists compressive loads (important in younger individuals).
Annulus fibrosus: Layers of collagen fibers, resists shear loads. Less elastic with age, important in resisting compression loads.
The vertebral endplate connects the disc to the vertebral body, facilitating nutrient exchange with blood vessels.
Excessive compressive loads can lead to endplate fractures and potential disc degeneration, bulges, and herniations to occur. This can lead to cell death as a result of excessive compressive loading.

Back Pain

Tissues that can be the source of low back pain include: disc, ligament, tendon, and facet joint, as well as muscle.

Musculoskeletal Discomfort Risk Factors

Excessive spinal load is due to awkward postures, excessive force, repetitive activity, lack of rest, and environmental stressors.
Muscles strongest when mildly forward bending.
Muscle length changes with posture.
Pressure on facet joints increases with twisting and reaching.
Extreme forward bending increases ligament laxity.
Twisting strains disc fibers and pressures facet joints.
A larger degree of head tilt results in shorter muscle fatigue time for the neck.

Psychosocial Factors

Job satisfaction, supervisor relationships, and social environment can be risk factors for musculoskeletal injury.
Return-to-work programs must consider psychosocial factors to improve outcomes.

Assessment Tools

Tools like REBA, RULA, Liftshitz and Armstrong Checklist measure posture/lifting.
PATH and HAL measure job motions, while the Revised Strain Index measures exertion level.
Other factors, like distance to screen, screen height, screen adjustments, desk heights, and headset use, influence neck posture and use.

Other

Whole-body vibration is linked to lumbar disc injury (LBD) risk.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Description

Test your knowledge on spine structure, back injuries, and the function of cartilage and bone in preventing injuries. This quiz covers key concepts such as vertebral body, tendons, ligaments, and the effects of different forces on spine health. Perfect for those studying anatomy or kinesiology.