Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the structure that contains cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) within the spinal cord?
What is the structure that contains cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) within the spinal cord?
Which laminae of the gray matter are primarily related to sensory pathways?
Which laminae of the gray matter are primarily related to sensory pathways?
Which of the following structures is NOT a part of the gray matter?
Which of the following structures is NOT a part of the gray matter?
What type of neurons are found in lamina IX of the anterior horn?
What type of neurons are found in lamina IX of the anterior horn?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary function of the fibers coming from receptors in muscles, joints, and skin?
What is the primary function of the fibers coming from receptors in muscles, joints, and skin?
Signup and view all the answers
Which funiculus contains the fasciculus gracilis and fasciculus cuneatus?
Which funiculus contains the fasciculus gracilis and fasciculus cuneatus?
Signup and view all the answers
Which artery is a branch of the subclavian artery and passes through cervical transverse foramina?
Which artery is a branch of the subclavian artery and passes through cervical transverse foramina?
Signup and view all the answers
How many laminae are present within the gray matter of the spinal cord?
How many laminae are present within the gray matter of the spinal cord?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the shape of the gray matter in the spinal cord?
What is the shape of the gray matter in the spinal cord?
Signup and view all the answers
Which area expands as a fusiform terminal ventricle in the conus medullaris?
Which area expands as a fusiform terminal ventricle in the conus medullaris?
Signup and view all the answers
Where does the spinal cord begin?
Where does the spinal cord begin?
Signup and view all the answers
At what vertebral level does the spinal cord typically end in adults?
At what vertebral level does the spinal cord typically end in adults?
Signup and view all the answers
Which enlargement of the spinal cord is associated with the brachial plexus?
Which enlargement of the spinal cord is associated with the brachial plexus?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the diameter of the lumbar enlargement of the spinal cord?
What is the diameter of the lumbar enlargement of the spinal cord?
Signup and view all the answers
What anatomical structure is referred to as the cauda equina?
What anatomical structure is referred to as the cauda equina?
Signup and view all the answers
Which layer of the meninges surrounds the spinal cord and has two layers?
Which layer of the meninges surrounds the spinal cord and has two layers?
Signup and view all the answers
At which vertebral level does the dura mater and arachnoid mater terminate?
At which vertebral level does the dura mater and arachnoid mater terminate?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the lower end of the spinal cord called?
What is the lower end of the spinal cord called?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the purpose of the filum terminale?
What is the purpose of the filum terminale?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following statements is true about the lengths of the spinal cord in males and females?
Which of the following statements is true about the lengths of the spinal cord in males and females?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary function of the denticulate ligaments?
What is the primary function of the denticulate ligaments?
Signup and view all the answers
How many segments are there in the cervical region of the spinal cord?
How many segments are there in the cervical region of the spinal cord?
Signup and view all the answers
Which part of the spinal cord does the posterior root enter from?
Which part of the spinal cord does the posterior root enter from?
Signup and view all the answers
Which spinal nerve roots are responsible for motor information?
Which spinal nerve roots are responsible for motor information?
Signup and view all the answers
What are the rootlets that form the anterior and posterior roots of a spinal nerve called?
What are the rootlets that form the anterior and posterior roots of a spinal nerve called?
Signup and view all the answers
How many pairs of spinal nerves are there in total?
How many pairs of spinal nerves are there in total?
Signup and view all the answers
What does the term 'dermatome' refer to?
What does the term 'dermatome' refer to?
Signup and view all the answers
Why are there 8 pairs of spinal nerves at the cervical level?
Why are there 8 pairs of spinal nerves at the cervical level?
Signup and view all the answers
What separates neighboring dermatome areas that do not originate from neighboring segments?
What separates neighboring dermatome areas that do not originate from neighboring segments?
Signup and view all the answers
Which sulcus is associated with the entry of sensory information?
Which sulcus is associated with the entry of sensory information?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Spinal Cord Anatomy
- Begins at the foramen magnum and ends at L3 (newborn) and L1 (adult) in males.
- Males have a spinal cord approximately 45 cm long, which is longer on average than in females.
- Superiorly, the spinal cord continues into the medulla oblongata.
Spinal Cord Enlargements
- Cervical Enlargement: The region where spinal nerves form the brachial plexus.
- Diameter: approximately 38 mm
- Lumbar Enlargement: The region where spinal nerves form the lumbosacral plexus.
- Diameter: approximately 35 mm
- Conus Medullaris: After the lumbar enlargement, the spinal cord tapers to form the conus medullaris, the lower end of the spinal cord.
Conus Medullaris and Cauda Equina
- Spinal cord narrows below the lumbosacral enlargement.
- Conus Medullaris: The lower end of the spinal cord.
- Cauda Equina: The bundle of nerve roots that extends below the conus medullaris, resembling a horse's tail.
Meninges of the Spinal Cord
- The spinal cord is surrounded by three meninges (membranes).
- Dura Mater: The outermost meninx, with two layers.
- Arachnoid Mater: The middle meninx.
- Pia Mater: The innermost meninx, which closely adheres to the spinal cord.
- Pia mater terminates at the inferior limit of spinal cord (L1), Dura mater and arachnoid mater terminate at S2 level.
Filum Terminale
- Filum Terminale: A thin fibrous extension of the pia mater that extends from the conus medullaris to the coccyx.
Denticulate Ligament
- Splits the spinal cord within the dura mater. It is attached to the arachnoid mater. There are approximately 20 -22 denticulate ligaments.
Spinal Cord Segments
- There are 31 segments of spinal cord.
- 8 cervical segments
- 12 thoracic segments
- 5 lumbar segments
- 5 sacral segments
- 1 coccygeal segment
Spinal Nerves
- 31 pairs arise from each spinal cord segment.
- Posterior Root: Contains sensory fibers entering the spinal cord.
- Anterior Root: Contains motor fibers leaving the spinal cord.
- Fila Radicularia: Fibers that form a bundle to form the anterior and posterior roots.
Spinal Cord Blood Supply
- Arterial supply.
- Vertebral Arteries: Supply the spinal cord via anterior spinal arteries and posterior spinal arteries.
- Radicular Arteries: Provide branches for nearby spinal cord.
Spinal Cord External Features
- Anterior Median Fissure: A groove along the anterior aspect.
- Posterior Median Sulcus: A groove along the posterior aspect.
- Anterolateral Sulcus: A groove along the anterolateral aspect.
- Posterolateral Sulcus: A groove along the posterolateral aspect.
Spinal Cord Internal Structure
- Gray Matter: Contains nerve cell bodies and neuroglia, giving it a butterfly shape. Divided into 10 laminae.
- White Matter: Contains nerve fibers, divided into funiculi.
- Central Canal: A narrow channel occupied by cerebrospinal fluid, running down the spinal cord.
Dermatomes
- Dermatome: The skin region innervated by a single spinal nerve.
- Axial Line: The line between two neighbouring dermatomes, where nerve fibers from the spinal nerves may not pass to adjacent dermatomes.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Related Documents
Description
This quiz covers the anatomy of the spinal cord, including its lengths, enlargements, and the structures surrounding it such as the meninges. Explore details about the cervical and lumbar enlargements, as well as the conus medullaris and cauda equina. Test your understanding of spinal cord anatomy and its essential components.
