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Questions and Answers
What is the primary goal of language assessment in the late sentence stage?
What is the primary goal of language assessment in the late sentence stage?
- To identify language disorders (correct)
- To develop augmentative and alternative communication strategies
- To evaluate language teaching methods
- To determine language learning motivation
Which language teaching method focuses on developing communicative competence?
Which language teaching method focuses on developing communicative competence?
- Audio-lingual method
- Cognitive-code method
- Communicative language teaching (correct)
- Grammar-translation method
What is the primary focus of speech therapy in treating articulation disorders?
What is the primary focus of speech therapy in treating articulation disorders?
- Enhancing cognitive style
- Correcting speech sound production (correct)
- Increasing language motivation
- Improving language comprehension
Why is cultural sensitivity essential in language teaching and therapy?
Why is cultural sensitivity essential in language teaching and therapy?
What is the primary purpose of observational methods in language assessment?
What is the primary purpose of observational methods in language assessment?
What is the primary focus of the Speech Acts Theory?
What is the primary focus of the Speech Acts Theory?
Which stage of speech and language development is characterized by the use of single words or phrases?
Which stage of speech and language development is characterized by the use of single words or phrases?
What is the term coined by Dell Hymes to emphasize the importance of social and cultural context in language use?
What is the term coined by Dell Hymes to emphasize the importance of social and cultural context in language use?
What is the primary purpose of the Language Acquisition Device (LAD) proposed by Noam Chomsky?
What is the primary purpose of the Language Acquisition Device (LAD) proposed by Noam Chomsky?
Which of the following is an example of an illocutionary act?
Which of the following is an example of an illocutionary act?
What is the age range for the early sentence stage of speech and language development?
What is the age range for the early sentence stage of speech and language development?
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Study Notes
Theory of Speech and Language
Language Acquisition Device (LAD)
- Proposed by Noam Chomsky, suggesting that humans have an innate ability to acquire language
- LAD is a universal, hard-wired capacity for language acquisition
Speech Acts Theory
- Developed by J.L. Austin and John Searle
- Focuses on the role of language in performing actions and achieving social goals
- Three types of speech acts:
- Locutionary acts: conveying meaning through words
- Illocutionary acts: performing an action through language (e.g., making a promise)
- Perlocutionary acts: achieving an effect through language (e.g., persuading someone)
Communicative Competence
- Coined by Dell Hymes, emphasizes the importance of social and cultural context in language use
- Involves not only linguistic knowledge but also knowledge of the social rules and norms governing language use
Speech and Language Development
- Developmental stages:
- Babbling (6-9 months)
- Holophrastic stage (9-12 months)
- Telegraphic stage (12-18 months)
- Early sentence stage (18-24 months)
- Late sentence stage (2-3 years)
Practical Applications of Speech and Language Theory
Language Assessment and Intervention
- Assessment tools: language sampling, standardized tests, and observational methods
- Intervention strategies: speech therapy, language training, and augmentative and alternative communication (AAC)
Language Teaching and Learning
- Methods:
- Grammar-translation method
- Audio-lingual method
- Communicative language teaching
- Factors influencing language learning: motivation, attitude, and cognitive style
Speech and Language Disorders
- Types of disorders:
- Articulation disorders (e.g., stuttering)
- Language disorders (e.g., aphasia)
- Voice disorders (e.g., vocal cord paralysis)
- Treatment approaches: speech therapy, language therapy, and medical intervention
Multilingualism and Multiculturalism
- Importance of cultural sensitivity in language teaching and therapy
- Strategies for promoting linguistic diversity and cultural awareness
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