Podcast
Questions and Answers
Match the following parts of the pharynx with their descriptions:
Match the following parts of the pharynx with their descriptions:
Nasopharynx = Upper part of the throat behind the nose Oropharynx = Part of the throat behind the mouth Laryngopharynx = Part of the throat leading to the esophagus Velopharyngeal port = Passage between the nasopharynx and oropharynx
Match the muscle of the velum with its function:
Match the muscle of the velum with its function:
Palatal Levator = Pulls the velum up and back Uvulus = Adds bulk for closure Glossopalatine = Brings the velum down for nasal sounds Pharyngopalatine = Narrows the pharynx by pulling walls upward
Match the role of the velopharyngeal mechanism in speech production:
Match the role of the velopharyngeal mechanism in speech production:
Closure for oral consonants = Allows high oral pressure consonants Acoustic energy management = Flows into oral and nasal cavities Air stream control = Directs energy through oral canal Nasal consonant production = Requires opening of the velopharyngeal port
Match the facial bone with its location:
Match the facial bone with its location:
Match the muscle of the pharynx with its action:
Match the muscle of the pharynx with its action:
Match the area of the vocal tract with its description:
Match the area of the vocal tract with its description:
Match the purpose of the Eustachian tube with its function:
Match the purpose of the Eustachian tube with its function:
Match the type of sounds with their velopharyngeal requirements:
Match the type of sounds with their velopharyngeal requirements:
Match the muscle with its specific contribution to swallowing:
Match the muscle with its specific contribution to swallowing:
Flashcards
Velopharyngeal port
Velopharyngeal port
The passage between the nasopharynx and oropharynx, controlled by the velum and pharynx.
Velum (Soft Palate)
Velum (Soft Palate)
The muscular structure that hangs at the back of the roof of your mouth, involved in speech production.
Pharynx
Pharynx
The throat, containing structures that help with swallowing and speech.
Velopharyngeal function
Velopharyngeal function
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Palatal Levator
Palatal Levator
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Uvulus
Uvulus
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Glossopalatine
Glossopalatine
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Pharyngopalatine
Pharyngopalatine
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Palatal Tensor (Tensor veli palatini)
Palatal Tensor (Tensor veli palatini)
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Vocal Tract
Vocal Tract
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Study Notes
Articulation: Pharynx, Velum, and Nasal Cavities
- The pharynx has three cavities: nasopharynx, oropharynx, and laryngopharynx.
- Boundaries of each cavity are defined by the hard palate, hyoid bone, and base of the larynx.
- The nasopharynx contains the auditory tubes and nasopharyngeal tonsil.
Velopharyngeal Function in Speech Production
- The velopharyngeal mechanism controls the opening and closing of the passage between the nasopharynx and oropharynx.
- The mechanism is essential for producing certain oral consonants, requiring high oral pressure with the velopharynx closed.
- It also manages the flow of acoustic energy into both oral and nasal cavities for vowel and consonant production.
Cranial and Facial Bones
- Cranial bones: temporal (2), parietal (2), occipital (1), frontal (1), sphenoid (1), and ethmoid (1).
- Facial bones: maxillary (2), palatine (2), vomer (1), inferior nasal conchae (2), lacrimal (2), nasal (2), zygomatic (2), and mandible (1).
Muscles of the Velum, Pharynx, and Outer Nose
- Velum muscles: palatal levator, uvula, glossopalatine, pharyngopalatine, and palatal tensor.
- Pharynx muscles: superior, middle, and inferior constrictors, stylopharyngeus, and salpingopharyngeus.
- Outer nose muscles: depressors and elevators of the alae nasi.
Vocal Tract
- The vocal tract starts at the glottis and ends at the lips.
- Regions include nasal cavity, oral cavity, and pharynx.
- The larynx hosts the epiglottis, vocal cords, and glottis.
- The velum separates the nasal and oral cavities.
- The vocal tract shapes sounds produced by the vocal folds.
Bones of the Skull and Face
- Detailed descriptions and locations of maxilla, mandible, and palatine bone are given.
- Diagrams illustrate different views of these bones and their key features.
Additional Structures (bones):
- Vomer, Inferior nasal concha, Zygomatic bone, Nasal bone, Lacrimal bone.
Function of Structures
- Muscles and specific parts of the skull, pharynx, etc. affect swallowing and speech production.
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