Types of Spectrophotometers: UV-Vis, Infrared, and More

Study Notes

Spectrophotometers are instruments that measure and analyze the spectrum of samples.
They can be divided into five subcategories according to the wavelength and application context.

VIS Spectrophotometer: measures absorbance and conducts quantitative analysis at visible light (400 ~ 760nm).
UV-VIS Spectrophotometer: measures material absorbance and conducts quantitative analysis at visible or ultraviolet light (200 ~ 760nm).
Infrared Spectrophotometer: analyzes samples in various conditions (gas, liquid, solid) using infrared spectrum greater than 760nm.
Fluorescence Spectrophotometer: depends on the analysis of fluorescence light and can be used in fields like chemistry, medicine, and pharmacy.
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer: (no specific details provided)

Uses a single beam of monochromatic light to measure light intensity.
Consists of a light source, optical parts, absorption cell, cuvette, and photoelectric converter.
Not suitable for high-demanding pharmaceutical and quality inspection industries.

Utilizes two monochromators to measure two different wavelengths of monochromatic light.
Can measure high-concentration samples, multi-component mixed samples, and perform better in turbid samples.

Splits the light emitted by a monochromator into two beams.
Monitors errors in the light source, but does not eliminate the effects of the reference.

Fast, low sample volume (a few micrograms to a few milligrams), and strong characterization.
Can analyze a variety of conditions (gas, liquid, solid) of the sample.

Depends on the analysis of fluorescence light.
Similar to an UV/VIS absorption spectrophotometer, but detects fluorescent light emitted in the 90° direction.
Passed through an emission monochromator (emission spectroscopy).