Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the optimal time for collecting a specimen for Acid-Fast Bacillus culture?
What is the optimal time for collecting a specimen for Acid-Fast Bacillus culture?
Which of the following is not a responsibility of nurses during specimen collection?
Which of the following is not a responsibility of nurses during specimen collection?
What should be done immediately after collecting a sputum specimen?
What should be done immediately after collecting a sputum specimen?
Which type of sample is specifically collected to diagnose throat infections?
Which type of sample is specifically collected to diagnose throat infections?
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When collecting a stool specimen, what is the primary goal?
When collecting a stool specimen, what is the primary goal?
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What is the primary purpose of measuring capillary blood glucose levels?
What is the primary purpose of measuring capillary blood glucose levels?
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Which of the following is NOT a responsibility during specimen collection?
Which of the following is NOT a responsibility during specimen collection?
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What is the purpose of cleaning the puncture site with an antiseptic wipe before testing?
What is the purpose of cleaning the puncture site with an antiseptic wipe before testing?
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What type of equipment is essential for conducting a capillary blood glucose test?
What type of equipment is essential for conducting a capillary blood glucose test?
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During a throat swab specimen collection, what should the nurse do immediately post-test?
During a throat swab specimen collection, what should the nurse do immediately post-test?
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Which action is part of assessing a client's understanding before measuring blood glucose?
Which action is part of assessing a client's understanding before measuring blood glucose?
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What is the primary concern when collecting a stool specimen?
What is the primary concern when collecting a stool specimen?
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What is the primary purpose of a timed urine specimen?
What is the primary purpose of a timed urine specimen?
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Which step is NOT part of the implementation process for collecting a midstream urine specimen?
Which step is NOT part of the implementation process for collecting a midstream urine specimen?
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Which symptom is commonly associated with a urinary tract infection (UTI)?
Which symptom is commonly associated with a urinary tract infection (UTI)?
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What is essential to avoid contamination during urine specimen collection?
What is essential to avoid contamination during urine specimen collection?
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What role does the UAP (Unlicensed Assistive Personnel) have in urine specimen collection?
What role does the UAP (Unlicensed Assistive Personnel) have in urine specimen collection?
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How should the urine specimen strip be processed for testing?
How should the urine specimen strip be processed for testing?
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Why is it important to share lab results with the primary care provider?
Why is it important to share lab results with the primary care provider?
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What is one characteristic of cloudy urine that can indicate a potential urinary issue?
What is one characteristic of cloudy urine that can indicate a potential urinary issue?
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What is the recommended duration for collecting a timed urine specimen?
What is the recommended duration for collecting a timed urine specimen?
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What is the significance of performing hand hygiene before and during urine specimen collection?
What is the significance of performing hand hygiene before and during urine specimen collection?
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Study Notes
Specimen Collection
- Proper setup for tests like glucose tolerance tests requires patients to fast at least 8 hours.
- Accurate results are ensured by this fasting period.
Diagnostic Testing
- Proper setup is crucial for accurate test results.
- Patients need instructions for tests like glucose tolerance tests to fast for at least 8 hours before to ensure accurate results.
Pretest Assessment
- Proper test setup is critical for accurate results.
- Patients need instruction for tests like glucose tolerance test to avoid complications.
Intra-test
- Correct procedures during tests like capillary blood glucose should be followed.
- Nurses should take samples without contamination, for example, during capillary blood glucose tests, samples should be taken from the patient's fingertip by pricking the side of the finger to collect blood samples without contamination.
Post-test
- Post-test procedures like updating patient charts, labeling samples, or generating immediate lab reports are important.
- Procedures after a throat swab include updating the patient's chart, properly labeling the sample, and creating an immediate lab report.
Measuring Capillary Blood Glucose
- Used to measure current blood glucose levels.
Responsibility
- Monitoring blood glucose levels
- Promoting blood glucose regulation
- Evaluating insulin effectiveness
Assessment
- Determining testing needs (frequency and type).
- Assessing client understanding of the procedure.
- Ensuring clients are aware of the procedure
- Reviewing past responses and client reactions.
Equipment (Specimen Collection)
- Glucometer
- Blood glucose reagent strips
- Gauze
- Warm cloths
- Disposable gloves
- Sterile lancets
- Lancet injectors
- Antiseptic swabs
Implementation (Specimen Collection)
- Cleaning the puncture site with antiseptic wipes.
- Allowing the site to air dry completely.
- Pricking the lateral aspect of the fingertip.
- Placing the injector against the side of the fingertip and gently pricking it.
- Expressing a drop of blood onto the reagent strip.
Evaluation (Specimen Collection)
- Comparing blood glucose readings with normal levels.
- Result display
- Documentation.
- Insulin administration.
- Reporting/following up.
Specimen Collecting and Testing
- Ensuring patient privacy and safety
- Practicing correct collection procedures.
- Promptly transporting specimens to maintain accuracy
Stool Specimen
- Purpose: Detect occult blood, bacteria, and parasites.
- Instructions: Avoid contamination with urine or menstrual discharge.
- Proper collection involves ensuring clean collection for suspected parasitic infections, enabling prompt delivery for analysis.
Urine Specimen
- Purpose: Detect microbial presence, identify antibiotic susceptibility.
- Assessment: Evaluate client ability to provide specimen, assess urine color, consistency, and frequency, checking for urinary tract infection (UTI) factors like urgency, dysuria (painful urination), hematuria (blood in urine), flank pain, and cloudy urine with foul odor.
- Planning: UAP (unlicensed assistive personnel) can collect clean-catch or midstream urine specimens. Nurses must instruct UAP on proper specimen collection to avoid contamination.
- Equipment: Clean gloves, antiseptic wipes, sterile specimen containers, basins of warm soapy water, washcloths, and specimen identification labels.
Implementation (Specimen Collection)
- Gathering necessary equipment; ensuring proper identification of the client; explaining the procedure; performing hand hygiene; providing instructions and assistance (e.g., bathroom) for the client; for female clients, cleaning the perineal area with soap, water, and antiseptic; or for male clients, retracting the foreskin and cleaning the urinary meatus; collecting a midstream urine specimen; labeling the specimen; and transporting it to the lab.
- Share laboratory results with the primary care provider/client
- Discuss findings with the primary care provider and client.
- Performing follow-up interventions, including administering prescribed medications, providing client education.
Timed Urine Specimen
- Timed period: 1–2 hours to 24hours.
- Purpose: Measure specific constituents, assess kidney function, determine glucose metabolism disorders, provide a clean receptacle for urine collection, collect urine specimens during a specific period, record the start and end times of collection, and documenting specimen collection.
Urine testing
- Test include measuring specific gravity, pH, glucose, and ketone using reagent strips.
- Principle: Dip the reagent strip into urine, remove excess urine, wait 30 seconds, compare the strip's color to the chart without waiting for color change after 30 seconds.
Sputum Specimen
- Purpose: Culture and sensitivity testing to identify specific microorganisms and their drug sensitivities; identify cell structure and function, and detect pathology, especially lung cancer.
- Cytology: Requires three early-morning specimen collections
- Acid-fast bacillus (AFB): Require three consecutive days of specimen collection for identification.
- Effectiveness of therapy: Assess the effect of the given treatment.
Throat Culture
- Purpose: Collect samples from the mucosa of the oropharynx or tonsillar regions to diagnose bacterial or fungal infections; culture or swab collection to diagnose specific infections like pneumonia, whooping cough, or tonsillitis.
- Guidelines: Use culture swabs for collection.
- Best time: Early morning for AFB culture.
Safety (Specimen Collection)
- Wear gloves and PPE if TB is suspected.
- Ensure specimen does not contact the container exterior.
- Offer mouthwash after sputum collection.
- Label and transport the specimen immediately to the lab.
- Record the time, consistency, hemoptysis, amount, and odor of sputum.
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Description
This quiz covers essential procedures regarding specimen collection and diagnostics, focusing on tests such as glucose tolerance and capillary blood glucose tests. Participants will learn the importance of fasting, proper setup, and contamination prevention during testing. Understanding these procedures is crucial for ensuring accurate and reliable test results.
