Species Classification Methods and Concepts

Examines physical characteristics rather than behavior, May not be a key available for the type of organism, some organisms significantly change their body shape during their lifetime

A group of organisms that share common characteristics and are able to interbreed and produce fertile offspring

<p>It cannot classify species in extinct populations</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>One animal eats other by killing</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Animal eats green plant</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Parasite gains food from host</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>When both species benefit</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>When a population reaches high density there are more individuals trying to use the same quantity of resources</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Organism that feeds off dead material</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pathogen that causes harm to host</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Predator Benefits: Essential nutrients + energy by consuming prey, supporting survival and reproduction. Prey Benefits: Helps regulate prey populations, preventing overpopulation that could lead to resource depletion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Limiting factors that cause population's growth rate to decrease with increasing population density (biotic) Ex) disease, predation, competition</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Predation is when one animal kills another for food, while parasitism is a relationship in which the parasite benefits at the cost of the host</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Intraspecific is between members of the same species while Interspecific is between members of a different species</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Describes the role of a species within an ecosystem (encompassing ALL abiotic + biotic elements that affect its survival and reproduction)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It causes COMPETITIVE EXCLUSION, so, the species with the fastest growth rate/highest efficiency of resources takes the niche</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>S-curve: -Limited environment -Logistic growth -Levels off at carrying capacity -Nature J-curve: -Unlimited environment -Exponential growth -Continues to increase until limiting factor -Laboratory</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>-In stable environments where resources are limited -Longer lifespans -Lower reproductive rates Ex) Large mammals like elephants and primates</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Maximum population # that an ecosystem can support based on its available resources (k)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Factors that slow down growth of a population as it reaches its carrying capacity (can be biotic or abiotic)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>S-curve: Food availability, space, and competition (Population growth rate = slow as it approaches carrying capacity -&gt; plateau) J-curve: Initially, limiting factors are minimal = rapid exponential growth BUT when resources become scarce the population may experience a sudden decline/crash</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is a method used to estimate the size of an animal population by capturing, marking, and releasing a sample of individuals. The Lincoln Index is calculated using the number of marked individuals recaptured as a proportion of the total captured, and the number of marked individuals originally released</p> Signup and view all the answers

<ol> <li>Capture</li> <li>Mark</li> <li>Release</li> <li>Recapture</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>-Light intensity -Drainage -Mineral content</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>-Dissolved oxygen -Temperature -pH</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Temperature: Species are often adapted to specific temperature ranges Water Availability: Its scarcity or abundance influences where species can thrive Light Availability: Affects photosynthetic organisms and, consequently, the distribution of herbivores and predators.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Instrument: Modern data loggers with interchangeable sensors or probes Technique:</p> <ol> <li>Decide if you are going to measure the changes over time or space</li> <li>If you are measuring the changes in temperature with depth, take all readings at the same time</li> <li>Repeat each reading minimum 5 times so you can calculate mean value</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Frequency = the # of actual occurrences divided by # of possible occurrences Cover = Estimate of an area in a quadrat covered by an organism</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>= estimate of an area in a quadrat covered by the organism</p> <h1>quadrats with species</h1> <p>------------------------- x 100</p> <h1>total quadrats</h1> Signup and view all the answers

<h1>of actual occurences</h1> <p>___________________________________ x 100</p> <h1>of possible occurences</h1> Signup and view all the answers

<p>= # of individuals of each species per unit</p> <h1>of individuals in sampled area</h1> <hr /> <h1>of total area sampled</h1> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A systems diagram visually represents the interrelationships between different components of a system, highlighting the flow of energy, matter, or information between those components.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ecocentric View</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>= Population size briefly overshoots carrying capacity but then crashes Ex) Reindeer on St. Matthew Island</p> <ol> <li>No natural predators + abundance of lichen -&gt; population grew</li> <li>Overpopulation + extreme weather -&gt; reindeer ate lichen and tundra plants faster than they could grow back</li> <li>Reindeer population died off</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

<p>=any mechanism in a system that counteracts a change away from the equilibrium</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All of these relationships are examples of <strong>interspecific</strong> relationships. These relationships occur between different species and can impact their survival, reproduction and population dynamics. Examples would be Predator-Prey, Herbivore-Plant and Parasite-Host.</p> Signup and view all the answers