Special Senses: Olfactory System
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Questions and Answers

What does the numerator in the visual acuity measurement represent?

  • The light sensitivity of the person being tested
  • The distance at which the normal eye can see
  • The angle of vision of the person being tested
  • The distance at which the person being tested can see (correct)

    • A person with a visual acuity of 20/50 in one eye and 20/30 in the other, what is their overall visual acuity?

  • 20/40
  • 20/25 (correct)
  • 20/30
  • 20/60

    • What is the term for normal vision?

  • Astigmatism
  • Myopia
  • Emmetropia (correct)
  • Hyperopia

    • What type of lens can be used to correct myopia?

    <p>Concave lens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the inability to distinguish between some colours?

    <p>Colour blindness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of cones in the eye?

    <p>To provide colour vision and high visual acuity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the astigmatism vision test?

    <p>To check for astigmatism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If your vision is 20/10, you have:

    <p>Above average visual acuity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the external ear structures?

    <p>To transmit sound waves to the eardrum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the nerve responsible for transmitting sound impulses to the brain?

    <p>Vestibulocochlear nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of deafness is characterized by a problem with the inner ear or the auditory nerve?

    <p>Sensorineural deafness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the test used to detect conduction deafness?

    <p>Rinne's test</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the organ that detects equilibrium?

    <p>Vestibule</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the involuntary movement of the eyes during rotational testing?

    <p>Vestibular nystagmus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the ossicles in the middle ear?

    <p>To transmit and amplify sound waves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the loss of hearing?

    <p>Deafness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of testing visual acuity?

    <p>To evaluate the sharpness of vision</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the distance used as a standard for testing visual acuity?

    <p>20 feet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process of the eye adjusting its focus?

    <p>Accommodation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the 20 line on the Snellen chart?

    <p>It represents normal vision</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do the numbers on the Snellen chart represent?

    <p>The size of the letters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the sharpness of vision?

    <p>Visual acuity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is the distance of 20 feet used for testing visual acuity?

    <p>Because light rays are parallel at this distance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a visual acuity of 20/40 mean?

    <p>The patient's vision is less acute</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are the receptors for the sense of smell located?

    <p>High in the interior of the nose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the mucous membranes and cilia in the nasal passages?

    <p>To warm and moisten the air during breathing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the sense of smell when someone has a cold?

    <p>It is impaired</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the exercise involving smelling samples with eyes closed?

    <p>To test the ability to discriminate different scents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is measured in the procedure for accommodation?

    <p>The near point of vision</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of gradually bringing the object toward the eye in the procedure for accommodation?

    <p>To record the distance at which the object first appears blurred or doubled</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the outcome when the object is brought too close to the eye in the procedure for accommodation?

    <p>The object appears blurred or doubled</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using a ruler in the procedure for accommodation?

    <p>To extend the object toward the eye</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Olfactory Discrimination

    • Receptors for the sense of smell are located in the olfactory cleft, between the median septum and the superior turbinate in the nose.
    • Olfactory nerves pass through the cribiform plate of the ethmoid and into the olfactory bulbs.
    • Nasal passages are lined with mucous membranes and cilia, which moisten and warm the air during breathing.
    • A cold can impair the sense of smell by causing membranes to swell and secrete excessive mucus.

    Vision

    Accommodation

    • The near point of vision is the distance at which an object appears blurred or doubled.
    • The eye's ability to focus on objects at varying distances is called accommodation.

    Visual Acuity

    • Visual acuity is the sharpness of vision.
    • The Snellen chart is used to test visual acuity.
    • The chart has lines with designated numbers, ranging from 200 to 10.
    • Normal vision is 20/20, and the numbers indicate the distance at which a person can see an object clearly.

    Astigmatism

    • Astigmatism can be detected by staring at a grid pattern and seeing if one set of lines appears darker than the others.

    Color Vision

    • Color blindness is the inability to distinguish between certain colors.
    • There are three types of cones in the eye: blue, green, and red.
    • Cones provide color vision and high visual acuity.

    Hearing and Equilibrium

    Hearing

    • The ear consists of the external, middle, and inner ear.
    • The external ear gathers sound waves and directs them to the eardrum.
    • The ossicles in the middle ear transmit and amplify sound waves to the inner ear.
    • The hearing receptors in the inner ear stimulate nerve impulses that are interpreted in the auditory cortex of the brain.

    Equilibrium

    • The organ that detects equilibrium is the vestibular apparatus.
    • Rotational nystagmus is a test used to assess equilibrium.
    • The test involves rotating the body while keeping the head still, and observing the eye movements.

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    Related Documents

    BSPD211 Special Senses Practical - Olfaction, Vision, Hearing PDF

    Description

    This quiz covers the anatomy and physiology of the olfactory system, including the location of olfactory receptors and the functioning of olfactory nerves.

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