Questions and Answers
What is the purpose of using imperatives in Spanish?
to give commands, orders, and instructions
When speaking to a friend or family member, which form of the imperative is used?
Tú command
How do you form a positive command for the tú form of a regular verb?
Use the 3rd person singular form of the present tense
What are some irregular verbs in the tú form of the imperative?
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What is the step to remove when forming the imperative of –AR verbs in the usted command?
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When speaking to a group of friends, which form of the imperative is used?
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How do you form a positive command for the vosotros form of a regular verb?
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What is added to –ER and –IR verbs when forming the present subjunctive for 3rd and 6th person?
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What is the difference between the usted and ustedes commands?
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What is the form of the present subjunctive used for formal commands?
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How do you form the imperative of –AR verbs in the usted command?
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What is the form of the present subjunctive used for all negative commands?
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What is the correct negative command for the verb beber (to drink) in the tú form?
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What is the correct negative command for the verb decidir (to decide) in the ustedes form?
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Study Notes
Imperatives
- Imperatives are used to give commands, orders, and instructions.
Tú Command
- Used when speaking to a friend, family member, or pet.
- To form positive commands for the tú form, use the 3rd person singular form of the present tense.
- Examples:
- hablar (to speak) → ¡Habla! (Speak!)
- trabajar (to work) → ¡Trabaja! (Work!)
- comer (to eat) → ¡Come! (Eat!)
- Irregular imperatives in the tú form:
- decir (to say) → di
- hacer (to make/do) → haz
- salir (to go out) → sal
- ser (to be) → sé
- tener (to have) → ten (e.g. ¡Ten cuidado! (Be careful!))
- ir (to go) → ve
- poner (to put) → pon
- venir (to come) → ven
Vosotros Command
- Used when speaking to a group of friends, family members, or pets.
- To form positive commands for the vosotros form, change the -r at the end of the infinitive to a -d.
- Examples:
- hablar (to speak) → hablad
- correr (to run) → corred
- Note: With reflexive verbs, drop the d before adding the reflexive pronoun.
- Levantarse → Levantaos
- Acostarse → Acostaos
- Verbs that were previously irregular in the tú command are not irregular in the vosotros command and follow the same pattern.
- SALIR – SALID
- PONER – PONED
- TENER – TENED
- VENIR – VENID
- DECIR – DECID
- SER – SED
- IR – ID
- HACER - HACED
Usted/Ustedes Command
- Used when speaking to an adult or someone you don't know.
- To form the imperative of –AR verbs in the usted command:
- Start with the “yo” form present tense of a verb.
- Remove the “o”.
- Add an “e” or “en” to –AR verbs (use the present subjunctive endings for 3rd and 6th person).
- To form the imperative of –ER and –IR verbs in the usted command:
- Start with the “yo” form present tense of a verb.
- Remove the “o”.
- Add an “a” or “an” to –ER and –IR verbs (use the present subjunctive endings for 3rd and 6th person).
- The present subjunctive form is used for all negative commands.
- Examples:
- Estudiar (to study) → no estudies (tú), no estudiéis (vosotros), no estudie (usted), no estudien (ustedes).
- Beber (to drink) → no bebas (tú), no bebáis (vosotros), no beba (usted), no beban (ustedes).
- Decidir (to decide) → no decidas (tú), no decidáis (vosotros), no decida (usted), no decidan (ustedes).
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Description
Learn how to form and use imperative mood in Spanish, specifically the tú form, used with friends, family, and pets. Understand regular and irregular verb conjugation.
