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Questions and Answers
What was the common perception of Filipinos by foreign visitors during the Spanish colonization of the Philippines?
What was the common perception of Filipinos by foreign visitors during the Spanish colonization of the Philippines?
- Intelligent but unmotivated
- Industrious and hardworking
- Lazy and indolent (correct)
- Cunning but deceitful
Who made the comment that Filipinos were so addicted to laziness that they wouldn't even stop to remove a thorn from their foot?
Who made the comment that Filipinos were so addicted to laziness that they wouldn't even stop to remove a thorn from their foot?
- Rizal
- Gemelli Careri (correct)
- Feodor Jagor
- Friar Gaspar de San Agustin
What was the title of Rizal's essay that countered the notion of Filipino indolence?
What was the title of Rizal's essay that countered the notion of Filipino indolence?
- The Filipino Character
- The Lazy Filipino
- The Filipino Spirit
- Sobre la Indolencia de Los Filipinos (correct)
What was the timeframe during which Rizal's essay was serialized in La Solidaridad?
What was the timeframe during which Rizal's essay was serialized in La Solidaridad?
What was the name of the German scholar who wrote about Filipino indolence in the nineteenth century?
What was the name of the German scholar who wrote about Filipino indolence in the nineteenth century?
What was the name of the publication in which Rizal's essay was published?
What was the name of the publication in which Rizal's essay was published?
What was the main argument of Rizal's essay?
What was the main argument of Rizal's essay?
Who wrote El Progreso de las Filipinas, a work that paralleled Rizal's argument in Sobre la Indolencia de Los Filipinos?
Who wrote El Progreso de las Filipinas, a work that paralleled Rizal's argument in Sobre la Indolencia de Los Filipinos?
What did Sancianco advocate for in the government?
What did Sancianco advocate for in the government?
What did Rizal attribute Filipino lethargy to, aside from economic situations?
What did Rizal attribute Filipino lethargy to, aside from economic situations?
According to Rizal, what was the main problem with indolence in the Philippines?
According to Rizal, what was the main problem with indolence in the Philippines?
What did Rizal cite as evidence of early Filipinos' industry?
What did Rizal cite as evidence of early Filipinos' industry?
What, according to Rizal, caused the Filipinos to diverge from their industrious nature?
What, according to Rizal, caused the Filipinos to diverge from their industrious nature?
What was the consequence of the abuses committed by the Spaniards, according to Rizal?
What was the consequence of the abuses committed by the Spaniards, according to Rizal?
What was the nature of indolence in the Philippines, according to Rizal?
What was the nature of indolence in the Philippines, according to Rizal?
What, according to Rizal, was the Filipinos' original nature?
What, according to Rizal, was the Filipinos' original nature?
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Study Notes
Foreign Observations of Filipino Indolence
- Italian traveler Gemelli Careri observed that Filipinos were lazy, citing examples of not removing thorns from their path.
- Friar Gaspar de San Agustin described Filipino laziness as a persistent trait, resulting in carelessness and neglect.
- German scholar Feodor Jagor wrote about Filipinos sleeping on a heap of coconuts and not bothering to retrieve them when they washed away.
Rizal's Counterargument
- José Rizal's essay "Sobre la Indolencia de Los Filipinos" (On the Indolence of the Filipinos) aimed to correct the misconception of Filipino indolence.
- Rizal argued that indolence was not an inherent trait, but rather a result of external conditions imposed on Filipinos.
- He cited Gregorio Sancianco's El Progreso de las Filipinas, which attributed Filipino lethargy to bad economic situations.
Rizal's Perspective on Indolence
- Rizal acknowledged that indolence existed among Filipinos, but claimed it was exacerbated by warm climates and economic conditions.
- He believed that the evil was not in the presence of indolence, but in how it was perpetuated and grew over time.
- Rizal argued that Filipinos were not always lazy, citing examples of precolonial industry, agriculture, and commerce.
Historical Context
- Early Spanish accounts described Filipinos as industrious and engaged in various activities, such as mining and trade.
- However, the constant wars, Moro skirmishes, and Spanish abuses during colonization led to a decline in Filipino industry and a predisposition to laziness.
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