Podcast
Questions and Answers
Where did the Peninsulares live in the Philippines during the late 1700s?
Where did the Peninsulares live in the Philippines during the late 1700s?
Who resided in Binundok or Binondo during that period?
Who resided in Binundok or Binondo during that period?
Which group of people lived in San Fernando De Dilao in the late 1600s?
Which group of people lived in San Fernando De Dilao in the late 1600s?
What was the primary occupation of the residents of Parian?
What was the primary occupation of the residents of Parian?
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Where did the powerful Filipino Indios or datu/lakan/rajah reside?
Where did the powerful Filipino Indios or datu/lakan/rajah reside?
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What is another term used to refer to Chinese individuals residing in the Philippines during that era?
What is another term used to refer to Chinese individuals residing in the Philippines during that era?
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What is the main purpose of a Caracoa according to the text?
What is the main purpose of a Caracoa according to the text?
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Which Austronesian boat is specialized for naval battles?
Which Austronesian boat is specialized for naval battles?
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What is the distinctive feature of Baroto among Austronesian Riverine Boats?
What is the distinctive feature of Baroto among Austronesian Riverine Boats?
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Which item is NOT part of the trading items mentioned in the text?
Which item is NOT part of the trading items mentioned in the text?
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What distinguishes Perahu among Austronesian Littoral Boats?
What distinguishes Perahu among Austronesian Littoral Boats?
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Which type of boat is primarily used for fishing and transportation of people and goods?
Which type of boat is primarily used for fishing and transportation of people and goods?
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What is the term used to refer to the compulsory labor of male Indios, who are aged 16-60, working 40 days in shipyards, streets, churches, government buildings, etc.?
What is the term used to refer to the compulsory labor of male Indios, who are aged 16-60, working 40 days in shipyards, streets, churches, government buildings, etc.?
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What was the annual quota of products per province called?
What was the annual quota of products per province called?
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During the time of Jose Rizal, how much was the payment for tribute, recognizing the authority of Spain and the Spanish Crown?
During the time of Jose Rizal, how much was the payment for tribute, recognizing the authority of Spain and the Spanish Crown?
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What is the term for the 10% Real property tax that is still paid today, which applies to landowners where a house is built or land is cultivated?
What is the term for the 10% Real property tax that is still paid today, which applies to landowners where a house is built or land is cultivated?
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What was the national identification called during the Spanish colonial period?
What was the national identification called during the Spanish colonial period?
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What were the additional taxes paid to facilitate trade with Mindanao, specifically Zamboanga, through the Galleon trade called?
What were the additional taxes paid to facilitate trade with Mindanao, specifically Zamboanga, through the Galleon trade called?
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Who was the most kind Governor-General who courted Gomburza and Rizal's sibling?
Who was the most kind Governor-General who courted Gomburza and Rizal's sibling?
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What was the role of a 'Gobernadorcillo' during that time period?
What was the role of a 'Gobernadorcillo' during that time period?
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What was the primary responsibility of a 'Cabeza de Barangay'?
What was the primary responsibility of a 'Cabeza de Barangay'?
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Who were typically referred to as 'Prayle' during the Spanish colonial period?
Who were typically referred to as 'Prayle' during the Spanish colonial period?
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Why was living or sleeping inside Intramuros prohibited for Filipino Indios during 1600-1700?
Why was living or sleeping inside Intramuros prohibited for Filipino Indios during 1600-1700?
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What role did 'Pari' have during the Spanish colonial period?
What role did 'Pari' have during the Spanish colonial period?
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Who becomes the heneral of the Sultan leading the five positions of the Sultanate during peacetime or wartime?
Who becomes the heneral of the Sultan leading the five positions of the Sultanate during peacetime or wartime?
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What is the lowest political hierarchy position among Muslims?
What is the lowest political hierarchy position among Muslims?
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Which group in the Muslim society owns the land, making the system feudal?
Which group in the Muslim society owns the land, making the system feudal?
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Who is responsible for overseeing the mosques and spreading beliefs among Muslims?
Who is responsible for overseeing the mosques and spreading beliefs among Muslims?
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Which Muslim tribe primarily engages in seafaring and leads in Pangangayaw using Caracoas?
Which Muslim tribe primarily engages in seafaring and leads in Pangangayaw using Caracoas?
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Which group is considered the best navigators in the system of Pangangayaw according to James Warren?
Which group is considered the best navigators in the system of Pangangayaw according to James Warren?
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Study Notes
Austronesian Boats
- Caracoa: used for transporting warriors and for fighting at sea
- Lanong/Laning Ng Iranun: warship used by the Iranun and Banguingui, 30 meters long with two biped shear masts, specialized for naval battles
- Balanghai: used for cargo and trading, characterized by a smooth curve where the stem and stern post are joined to the keel
- Prahu: used for transport and fishing purposes, also known as "Perahu" in Southeast Asia
- Paraw: used for fishing, transportation of people and goods, a major tourist attraction in Boracay
- Vinta: used as vessels, cargo ships, and houseboats
Riverine Boats
- Baroto: primary mode of transportation in prehistoric Philippines
- Panco: thin hull with symmetrical and pointed limbs, with protruding galleries to port and starboard where the rowers are placed
Ancient Philippine Trade
- Ang Pangangalakal ng mga Tsino: Chinese bronze jars and mirrors were traded for Tridacna Gigas (Giant Pearls of Sulu), silt, and jade
- Celadon wares were traded for gold and silver
- Civet (used as perfume) was also traded
Spanish Colonization in the Philippines
- Polo y Servicios: forced labor system where Filipino men aged 16-60 were required to work for 40 days in shipyards, roads, churches, and government buildings
- Bandala: annual quota of products from each province
- Tributo: recognition of Spanish rule and payment of 8 Reales (later increased to 15 Reales)
- Sanctorum: payment for church repairs and religious activities, equivalent to 3 Reales
- Diezmos Prediales: 10% real property tax, still paid today
- Cedula Personales: national identification system during the Spanish era
- Donativo de Zamboanga: additional tax to fund naval expeditions to Mindanao
- Rentas Estancadas: Spanish monopoly on certain goods
- Caja de Comunidad: 1 Reales payment by indigenous people to fund municipal workers
Spanish Bureaucracy
- Gobernador Heneral: highest-ranking official in the Philippines
- Alcalde Maior (Gobernador): provincial governor
- Gobernadorcillo (Mayor): municipal governor
- Cabeza de Barangay: head of a barangay, responsible for collecting taxes and recruiting polo laborers
Informal Bureaucracy
- Prayle: Spanish monks, referred to as "PP" in documents
- Pari: Filipino secular priests, often without parishes
Intramuros and Extramuros Complex
- Intramuros: exclusive residential area for pure-blooded Spaniards (Peninsulares) and Spanish-Filipino mestizos (Insulares)
- Extramuros: residential area for indigenous Filipinos, divided into different districts
- Parian: Chinese non-Catholic district, residents paid 3x the tax rate and were relocated 300 yards away from Intramuros
- Binundok/Binondo: Chinese Catholic district
- San Fernando De Dilao: Japanese residential area
- Tundun/Tondo: residential area for powerful indigenous Filipinos (datus/lakans/rajahs)
Muslim Government
- Panglima: governor during times of war or peace
- Datu: lowest rank in the political hierarchy of Muslim Filipinos
- Sultanato: feudal system where the Sultan owns the land
- Ummah: based on the Quran and Adat (Muslim culture)
Muslim Religious Government
- Qadi: equivalent to a bishop, with judicial powers
- Imam: leader of a mosque and teacher in a Madrasah
Major Muslim Tribes
- Tausug: warrior Muslims from Sulu, skilled in naval warfare
- Maranao: Muslim merchants from Lanao
- Maguindanaon: Muslim farmers from the plains
- Iranun: Muslim artisans
- Samal Balangingi: skilled navigators and boatbuilders
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Description
Test your knowledge on the Spanish colonial government structure in the Philippines during the Gomburza period. Learn about various positions such as Alcalde Maior, Gobernadorcillo, and Cabeza de Barangay.
