Podcast
Questions and Answers
What was the purpose of the Laws of the Indies?
What was the purpose of the Laws of the Indies?
Who was responsible for overseeing threats to colonization from other nations in the Viceroyalty?
Who was responsible for overseeing threats to colonization from other nations in the Viceroyalty?
What was the role of the Cabo Segundo in colonial government?
What was the role of the Cabo Segundo in colonial government?
Who was the first bishop of Manila?
Who was the first bishop of Manila?
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What did the Ministerio de Ultramar focus on?
What did the Ministerio de Ultramar focus on?
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Which position was inaugurated in 1762 after controversy surrounding Archbishop Manuel de Rojo del Rio?
Which position was inaugurated in 1762 after controversy surrounding Archbishop Manuel de Rojo del Rio?
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Who was responsible for tax collection in the colonial government?
Who was responsible for tax collection in the colonial government?
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What was the role of the Intendant General in the colonial government?
What was the role of the Intendant General in the colonial government?
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Who acted as the Supreme Court of the colony and adviser to the Captain General?
Who acted as the Supreme Court of the colony and adviser to the Captain General?
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What was the purpose of Residencia in the colonial government?
What was the purpose of Residencia in the colonial government?
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Who was responsible for administering and judging the districts in question?
Who was responsible for administering and judging the districts in question?
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What was the duty of the Cabeza de Barangay in the colonial government?
What was the duty of the Cabeza de Barangay in the colonial government?
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What was the purpose of the encomienda system in the colonial era?
What was the purpose of the encomienda system in the colonial era?
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Which group of officials were responsible for overseeing the corrupt practices of the Governor General in the colonial government?
Which group of officials were responsible for overseeing the corrupt practices of the Governor General in the colonial government?
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What was the role of the Church in the colonial government's political setup?
What was the role of the Church in the colonial government's political setup?
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What was the purpose of 'Visita' in the colonial government during the Spanish colonization?
What was the purpose of 'Visita' in the colonial government during the Spanish colonization?
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'Residencia' was a process used to _____________.
'Residencia' was a process used to _____________.
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Study Notes
Spanish Colonial Government
- The Laws of the Indies were turned into official laws by the Royal and Supreme Council of the Indies.
- The Viceroyalty of Nueva Espania was established on August 18, 1521.
- Francisco Ceinos was the viceroy during the colonization in 1565.
- The Ministry for Overseas Territories gave mandates on behalf of the King.
- The Ministry for Overseas Territories was abolished on April 20, 1899.
- Don Antonio Maura was the most important minister who established the Maura Law.
National Government
- The National Government consisted of:
- Captain/ Governor General
- The Archbishop/ Bishop of Manila
- The Cabo Segundo
- Intendant General
- The Real Audiencia de Manila
- The Captain/ Governor General was a constituent of the Viceroyalty that oversaw threats to colonization from other nations.
- The Spanish East Indies was Spain's center of administration.
Local Government
- The Provincial/ Alcaldia was a constituent of the local government.
- The Suffragan Dioceses were part of the local government.
- The Corregimiento was the provincial district before colonization and during conflicts.
- The Junta Provincial was the provincial council that helped the Alcalde Mayor as public prosecutor.
- The Gobernadorcillo was the administrator and judge of the districts.
- The Captain Municipal was the administrator of the cities.
- The Tribunal Municipal was composed of the Captain Municipal and assistants.
- The Alcaldes Ordinarios (Mayor and Vice Mayor) were judges and administrators of the Ayuntamiento or Cabildo (City Council).
- The Cabeza de Barangay was the administrator of the barangay, composed of 40-50 families, responsible for collecting tribute.
Abuses of the Encomienda System
- The Encomienda system was a system where the monarchy or conquistadors gave the right to claim tribute and labor from acquired territories to groups.
- This system brought suffering to the indigents, whose economic yield was only enough to sustain their daily needs.
- The Tribute system/ taxation forced labor and polo y servicio, obliging males aged 16-40 to render 40-day service to the government.
- Residencia, Visita, and Intendencia were institutions that oversaw the corrupt ways of the Governor General and other officials.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the Spanish colonial administration in the Philippines during the 16th and 17th centuries. Questions cover topics such as the Ayuntamiento, Alcaldes Ordinarios, barangay administrators, abuses, encomienda system, and forced labor.
