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Questions and Answers

On ground the start sequence is automatically aborted:

There is no automatic abort sequence

Only in the case of hot start or hung start

Only in the case of no light up

In case of hot start, hung start, stall or no light up (correct)

During an automatic start on ground, the sequence is:

Ignition by N2>16%, HP fuel valve opening by 22%, start valve closure by N2>50% (correct)

Ignition and HP fuel valve opening by N2>16 %, start valve closure by N2>50%

Ignition and HP fuel valve opening by N2 22%, start valve closure by N2>50%

Ignition by N2>16%, HP fuel valve opening by N2>22%, start valve closure by setting mode selector to NORM

Thrust reversers are actuated by:

Hydraulic actuators; green for engine one, yellow for engine two (correct)

Hydraulic actuator; green for both engines

Hydraulic actuators; blue for engine 1, yellow for engine 2

Pneumatic actuators

The FADEC is electrically supplied by:

Self-powered above 15% N2 Signup and view all the answers

In manual mode, when the thrust levers are between the climb detent and idle:

Each position of the levers corresponds to an N1 Signup and view all the answers

What is the EGT limit at TOGA power setting on the A320 CEO:

950 ̊C Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum continuous oil temperature:

140 ̊C Signup and view all the answers

The max continuous oil temp limit may be exceeded. What is the limit and under what conditions:

155 ̊C for less than 15 mins Signup and view all the answers

What is the minimum starting oil temperature:

-40 ̊C Signup and view all the answers

What is the minimum oil quantity for dispatch (A320 CEO):

9.5 quarts + estimated consumption (0.5 Qts/hr) Signup and view all the answers

What is the minimum oil pressure at ground idle (A320 CEO):

13 psi Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum N1 (A320 CEO):

104% Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum N2 (A320 CEO):

105% Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum N2 for starter engagement (A320 CEO):

20% Signup and view all the answers

What restrictions apply to the operation of the starter during an automatic start on the ground?

20 second pause after 3 start attempts (1 cycle) Signup and view all the answers

Starter cooling time requirements are:

15 min cooling time after 4 cycles of 3 start attempts per cycle Signup and view all the answers

The maximum reverse thrust may be used down to:

70 kts (idle reverse down to A/C stop) Signup and view all the answers

What is the (A321) maximum allowable flex temperature:

ISA + 52 ̊C Signup and view all the answers

Reduced thrust is not permitted:

On a contaminated runway or with one or more reverser INOP Signup and view all the answers

In manual thrust, in cruise, the pilot should limit the N1. What is this limit (A320)?

Displayed max climb N1, minus 1.9% Signup and view all the answers

Is the maximum cruise N1 displayed on the upper ECAM?

No Signup and view all the answers

At Toulouse (500 ft); TREF is 29 ̊C, outside air temp is 36 ̊C, and you found a corrected Flex TEMP of 33 ̊C, is it possible to use flex thrust for take-off?

No, flex temp 33 ̊C is not allowed because it is less than OAT Signup and view all the answers

EGT indication on the A320 CEO becomes red on E/W display when the EGT is higher than:

950 ̊C Signup and view all the answers

What is FADEC?

A digital control system that performs complete engine management consisting of the electronic control unit and its peripheral sensors and components Signup and view all the answers

The FADEC system is:

Self-powered above 15% N2 with A/C power when N2 is below 15% Signup and view all the answers

What device provides direct closure of the HP shut off valve:

The master switch at off position Signup and view all the answers

Which valve ensures an adequate fuel flow:

The fuel metering valve of the HMU Signup and view all the answers

Is the engine still supplied in case of fuel filter clog:

Yes, by by-passing the fuel filter (by-pass valve) Signup and view all the answers

Cranking may be manually selected by setting

With master switch to off, the mode selector to crank and the man start PB to on Signup and view all the answers

During an automatic starting sequence, the pack valves close when:

Packs are on and IGN/START is selected Signup and view all the answers

During an automatic starting sequence (A320 CEO):

Start valve closes at N2 > 50% Signup and view all the answers

Maximum EGT during engine start on the A320 CEO is:

725 ̊C Signup and view all the answers

The FADEC automatically selects continuous ignition in the following cases:

In flight automatic restart or engine flame out or EIU failure Signup and view all the answers

How is the oil cooled?

By the engine fuel / oil heat exchanger and the servo fuel heater Signup and view all the answers

The oil pressure indicator becomes red when pressure is lower than (A320 CEO):

13 psi Signup and view all the answers

In autothrust mode the thrust computed by the FMGC is limited:

To the value corresponding to the thrust lever position (unless the alpha floor mode is activated) Signup and view all the answers

The thrust reverser activation conditions are:

Aircraft on the ground and thrust lever between reverse idle detent and max reverse Signup and view all the answers

REV green appears on the N1 indicator when:

The reverse doors are fully deployed Signup and view all the answers

Reverse deployment requires TLA signal from the SECs; one reverse will be lost if:

SECs 1+2 fail or SECs 1+3 fail Signup and view all the answers

The low pressure rotor (N1) consists of:

A front fan - 4 stage booster - 4 stage LP turbine Signup and view all the answers

A/THR can be engaged:

Automatically when the pilot initiates a take-off or a go- around or if alpha floor is detected after take-off and up to 100 ft radio on landing Signup and view all the answers

In flight, if the instinctive disconnect pushbutton is pressed for more than 15 secs, the A/THR including alpha floor is:

Lost Signup and view all the answers

At take-off as soon as the power is set (FLX or TOGA):

A/THR function is armed but not active Signup and view all the answers

After a FLX take-off, you have an engine failure and you want to select MCT:

You set the thrust levers out of the FLX/MCT detent then back to FLX/MCT position Signup and view all the answers

Pressing the engine fire P/B switch on the engine fire panel causes the closure of:

Fuel LP valve Signup and view all the answers

ASYM amber message (FMA) means:

One thrust lever is set out of climb detent (both engines running) Signup and view all the answers

LVR MCT flashing white message (left hand side of FMA) means:

Thrust levers are not in MCT position after engine failure when speed is greater than green dot Signup and view all the answers

LVR CLB flashes white on the FMA if the throttles are not in the climb position when:

The A/C is above the altitude of thrust reduction Signup and view all the answers

The thrust rating limit is computed by:

The FADEC (ECU) according to the thrust lever position Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Automatic Start Sequence Abort

The automatic start sequence on the ground is aborted under specific conditions.

Thrust Reversers

Actuation of thrust reversers occurs automatically during the thrust computation.

FADEC Electrical Supply

FADEC is supplied with electrical power to manage the engine functions efficiently.

Manual Mode Thrust Levers

When thrust levers are positioned between the climb detent and idle, specific operational limits apply.

EGT Limits

The EGT limit at TOGA power setting on the A320 CEO is critical for engine safety.

Oil Temperature and Limits

The maximum continuous oil temperature limit can be exceeded under certain conditions, providing operational flexibility.
Minimum starting oil temperature is required to ensure proper engine function.

Minimum Oil Requirements

Minimum oil quantity for dispatch on the A320 CEO is vital for engine operation.
Minimum oil pressure at ground idle must be maintained for safe engine performance.

N1 and N2 Limits

Maximum N1 and N2 values are established for engine performance criteria.
The maximum N2 for starter engagement is set to protect engine components during startup.

Starter Operation Restrictions

During automatic starts on the ground, there are specific restrictions to starter operation to ensure safety.
Starter cooling time requirements must be adhered to after multiple starts.

Reverse Thrust Usage

The maximum reverse thrust may be deployed to certain speeds during landing.

A321 Flex Temperature

The maximum allowable flex temperature for the A321 is established to optimize performance during takeoff.

Thrust Management

Reduced thrust is restricted under specific operational conditions to maintain safety and performance.
In cruise manual thrust, N1 should be limited to avoid engine overstress.

Flex Thrust Use

At Toulouse conditions, if the corrected Flex TEMP is acceptable, flex thrust can be used for take-off.

EGT Indications

EGT indication on the A320 CEO becomes red when exceeding predefined limits on the E/W display.

FADEC System

FADEC (Full Authority Digital Engine Control) manages engine parameters for optimal performance and safety.

Fuel System Valves

The HP shut-off valve closure is facilitated by a specific device to prevent fuel flow in emergencies.
An adequate fuel flow is ensured by a designated valve during engine operation.

Engine Fuel Supply

Engine continues to receive fuel even if the fuel filter becomes clogged, ensuring operational reliability.

Cranking Selection

Cranking may be manually activated by specific cockpit controls.

Pack Valves During Start

During an automatic starting sequence, pack valves close to redirect airflow.

Engine Start EGT

Maximum EGT during engine start on the A320 CEO is defined to prevent engine damage.

Continuous Ignition

FADEC automatically activates continuous ignition under critical flight conditions to ensure engine reliability.

Oil Cooling and Pressure

Oil is cooled through an efficient cooling system; pressure indicators turn red below a certain threshold on the A320 CEO.

Autothrust Mode

In autothrust mode, thrust calculated by FMGC is inherently limited based on flight parameters.

Thrust Reverser Conditions

Activation of thrust reversers occurs when specific conditions are met, enhancing aircraft deceleration.

Engine Thrust Indications

REV green appears on the N1 indicator when thrust reversers are ready for deployment.
A TLA signal from the SECs is required for reverse thrust deployment; one system may be lost under certain conditions.

Low Pressure Rotor N1

The low pressure rotor (N1) is designed to optimize engine performance efficiently.

A/THR Engagement

A/THR can be engaged under specific operational conditions to maintain desired thrust levels.

Disconnect Procedures

If the instinctive disconnect pushbutton is engaged for more than 15 seconds, including alpha floor, A/THR is initialized.

Take-off Power Settings

At take-off, power settings such as FLX or TOGA are crucial for optimal performance.

Engine Failure Procedures

After a FLX take-off with an engine failure, selecting MCT becomes necessary for safe operation.

Engine Fire Response

Activation of the engine fire P/B switch on the engine fire panel results in the closure of relevant fuel flow systems.

FMA Messages

ASYM amber message indicates asymmetrical thrust conditions requiring pilot attention.
LVR MCT flashing white message on the FMA signals non-compliance with thrust lever positioning during specific flight phases.
LVR CLB flashes white if throttles are not positioned correctly during climb, indicating a need for adjustment.

Thrust Rating Computation

Thrust rating limits are computed based on several performance factors, ensuring safe operation of the aircraft.

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