Sow Reproductive Anatomy

Which of the following is a primary function of the uterus in swine?

What is a distinctive characteristic of the sow cervix that impacts artificial insemination techniques?

What is the typical size range of ovarian follicles in sows just before ovulation?

How does the location of the cortex and medulla differ in the sow ovary compared to other species?

What changes are typically observed in the vulva of a sow during estrus?

What is the typical length of the estrous cycle in sows?

Which practice is most likely to promote the synchronization of estrus in sows?

When does first artificial insemination (AI) tend to be performed in sows?

The gestational period in sows typically lasts how long?

What is the term for the anestrus experienced by nursing sows?

A lower farrowing rate in sows during late summer and fall may result from which factor?

About how many days does CL (corpus luteum) last during the Diestrus phase of the estrous cycle?

What characterizes the Proestrus stage of the estrous cycle in sows?

How long is the typical estrus period when detected by the owner of the sow?

On which day of estrus do most sows typically ovulate?

When do swine embryos start attaching to the uterus?

Around what age do gilts typically reach puberty?

Which environmental factor may delay puberty in gilts?

What effect does high temperature have on ovulation rate in gilts?

Which sign is the most reliable indicator that a sow is in heat?

Which of the following structures is NOT an accessory sex gland in the boar reproductive tract?

What is a unique characteristic of the boar's penis?

What anatomical feature is unique to the boar's prepuce?

How many sperm usually are there per ejaculate?

During what period of pregnancy does maternal recognition occur in swine?

What would be considered a normal goal for litters per sow per year in swine production?

In swine, what prevents PGF2α from entering the circulation and luteinizing the CL during maternal recognition?

Which of the following occurs approximately 36 to 44 hours after the onset of estrus in most sows?

Which factor does NOT influence the onset of puberty in gilts?

In the context of inducing puberty in gilts, what is the primary role of gonadotrophins?

For a sow in diestrus, what is the expected response to exogenous prostaglandin administration before day 11?

Compared to gilts, how does the ovulation rate in sows typically differ?

Which anatomical feature contributes most to the bulk of the seminal volume in boars?

What is the duration of stage two of parturition?

Approximately how many days post-weaning is a sow typically rebred?

The stage of the estrous cycle in swine characterized by a long proestrus phase, lasting approximately 4 days, is marked by:

If a farm aims to advance the first estrus in gilts to improve productivity, which hormonal intervention would primarily target stimulating follicle growth?

A producer observes that a group of gilts is experiencing delayed puberty. To address this, the producer considers adjusting several management factors. Based on the information, which adjustment would likely be MOST effective in promoting earlier puberty?

In swine artificial insemination, the use of a catheter that is specifically adapted for the sow's cervix is essential because:

A farm manager notices a significant decrease in the farrowing rate among sows mated during late summer and early fall. Which management adjustment would be MOST appropriate to directly address this seasonal infertility issue?

A large-scale swine operation consistently faces challenges in synchronizing estrus among its sows post-weaning. While weaning is known to induce estrus, the response is variable. Which approach would be MOST effective for achieving tighter estrus synchronization to streamline the AI process?

What is a notable anatomical feature of the sow uterus compared to other domestic species, as highlighted in the provided content?

The sow cervix is described as having 'interdigitating prominences'. How are these structures best characterized?

What is the primary adaptation of artificial insemination (AI) catheters for use in sows, considering their unique cervical anatomy?

In sows, ovulation typically occurs from follicles of what approximate size range?

During estrus, what significant change is typically observed in the vulva of a sow?

Sows are classified as non-seasonal polyestrous breeders. What does this term indicate about their reproductive cycle?

What is the typical duration of the estrous cycle in sows?

Around which estrous cycle number is first artificial insemination (AI) typically performed in gilts?

What is the approximate gestation length in sows?

What is the term used to describe the period of anestrus experienced by sows while they are nursing piglets?

Weaning piglets is a common practice to induce estrus in sows. Approximately how many days post-weaning do sows typically return to estrus?

What is a major factor contributing to lower farrowing rates in sows during late summer and fall?

Prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2α) is not very effective for short-cycling sows before a specific day of diestrus. Up to what day of diestrus are sow corpora lutea (CLs) generally unresponsive to PGF2α?

Compared to the estrous cycle of cattle, what is a notable characteristic of the proestrus phase in sows?

What is considered the cardinal sign of estrus detection in sows, as mentioned in the content?

Approximately how many hours after the onset of estrus do most sows typically ovulate?

Around what day after fertilization do swine embryos enter the uterus?

For maternal recognition of pregnancy to occur in sows, estradiol plays a crucial role. What is the primary action of estradiol in this process?

What is the minimum number of embryos required in each uterine horn of a sow for pregnancy to be maintained, according to the text?

At approximately what age do gilts typically reach puberty, as indicated in the content?

Exposure to which environmental factor may delay the onset of puberty in gilts?

What effect does exposure to a boar typically have on the timing of puberty in gilts?

PG600 is used in swine reproduction primarily for what purpose?

Which of the following is NOT an accessory sex gland in the boar reproductive tract?

What is the unique anatomical structure associated with the boar's prepuce, often referred to colloquially as the 'piss pocket'?

What is the approximate volume of semen in a typical boar ejaculate?

What unique characteristic of the boar's penis is functionally significant for mating and artificial insemination?

During semen collection in boars using the gloved-hand method, what specific action is required to stimulate ejaculation?

The placenta in swine is classified as which type, similar to that of the horse?

During parturition in swine, what is the likely mechanism by which subsequent piglets are expelled, relative to the placenta of the preceding piglet?

In the context of gilt management, what is 'flushing', and is it definitively proven to increase litter size in swine?

Which of the following best describes the typical duration of stage one of parturition in sows?

Why is prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) not considered an effective method for short-cycling sows before day 11 or 12 of diestrus?

If a swine farm aims to optimize reproductive efficiency, why is it generally recommended to breed gilts on their second or third estrous cycle rather than their first?

Considering the mechanism of maternal recognition of pregnancy in sows, what would be the expected outcome if estradiol secretion from the blastocyst was inhibited?

A producer is evaluating the effectiveness of boar exposure to induce earlier puberty in gilts. Which observation would provide the strongest evidence that boar exposure is successfully accelerating puberty?

In a scenario where a sow is in diestrus and treated with exogenous prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) on day 8 of her cycle, what would be the most likely reproductive outcome?

Compared to gilts, how does the typical ovulation rate in mature sows generally differ?

Which anatomical feature of the boar reproductive tract contributes most significantly to the large volume of seminal fluid in an ejaculate?

What is the approximate duration of stage two of parturition in sows, which involves the expulsion of piglets?

In the context of managing gilt puberty, what is the primary mechanism by which boar pheromones are believed to accelerate the onset of puberty?

Compared to most other domestic species, the sow cervix is characterized by its:

What is the primary anatomical characteristic of the sow uterus?

The interdigitating prominences of the sow cervix most closely resemble:

What adaptation is crucial for artificial insemination catheters designed for sows, considering their cervical anatomy?

In sows, ovulation typically occurs from ovarian follicles that are approximately what size in diameter?

Compared to the ovary of a mare, the sow ovary differs in that the cortex is located:

What is a key characteristic of the sow ovary's structure?

Sows are classified as non-seasonal polyestrous breeders. This indicates that they:

Around which estrous cycle are gilts typically bred for the first time in commercial swine production?

The period of anestrus experienced by sows while nursing piglets is termed:

Approximately how many days post-weaning do sows typically return to estrus?

A major factor contributing to lower farrowing rates in sows during late summer and fall is:

Up to what day of diestrus are sow corpora lutea (CLs) generally unresponsive to prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2α)?

Compared to the estrous cycle of cattle, a notable characteristic of the proestrus phase in sows is that it is:

What is considered the cardinal or most reliable sign of estrus detection in sows?

In maternal recognition of pregnancy in sows, estradiol's primary action is to:

What is the minimum number of embryos required in each uterine horn of a sow to ensure maternal recognition and maintain pregnancy?

At approximately what age do gilts typically reach puberty?

Exposure to which environmental factor is most likely to delay the onset of puberty in gilts?

What is the typical effect of boar exposure on the timing of puberty in gilts?

PG600 is used in swine reproduction primarily to:

What is the unique anatomical structure associated with the boar's prepuce, often referred to as the 'piss pocket'?

The placenta in swine is classified as:

During parturition in swine, when a subsequent piglet is expelled, what is the likely mechanism relative to the placenta of the preceding piglet?

In gilt management, 'flushing' refers to:

For optimal reproductive efficiency, why is it generally recommended to breed gilts on their second or third estrous cycle rather than their first?

Which observation would provide the strongest evidence that boar exposure is successfully accelerating puberty in gilts?

What is a notable anatomical characteristic of the sow cervix that distinguishes it from many other domestic species?

In swine artificial insemination, specialized catheters with a 'corkscrew' design are essential primarily to navigate which anatomical feature of the sow reproductive tract?

Compared to the ovarian follicles of mares, how do the size of pre-ovulatory follicles in sows generally compare?

What is the primary mechanism by which estradiol from the swine blastocyst prevents luteolysis during maternal recognition of pregnancy?

Up to what point in the diestrous phase are corpora lutea (CLs) in sows generally considered non-responsive to prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) for inducing luteolysis?

What is considered the most reliable behavioral indicator used for estrus detection in sows?

Approximately how many hours after the observed onset of estrus do most sows typically ovulate?

Exposure to which environmental condition is most likely to delay the onset of puberty in gilts?

Which of the following accessory sex glands is notably absent in the boar reproductive tract, differentiating it from bulls, stallions, rams, and bucks?

During swine parturition, when a subsequent piglet is expelled after the first, what is the likely mechanism regarding its placenta relative to the previously expelled piglet's placenta still attached to the uterus?