Southeast Asian Architectural Styles

Javanese Architecture

• Characterized by:
  • Use of red brick, stone, and wood
  • Ornate carvings and intricate details
  • Tiered roofs with multiple levels
  • Symmetrical and balanced design
• Influenced by Hindu and Buddhist traditions
• Examples:
  • Borobudur Temple (9th century)
  • Prambanan Temple (9th century)

Balinese Architecture

• Characterized by:
  • Use of natural materials such as wood, bamboo, and thatched roofs
  • Intricate carvings and ornate decorations
  • Open-air spaces and courtyards
  • Steeply pitched roofs with multiple levels
• Influenced by Hindu and Buddhist traditions
• Examples:
  • Pura Besakih Temple (14th century)
  • Ubud Palace (19th century)

Dutch Colonial Architecture

• Characterized by:
  • Use of European-style buildings with Indonesian influences
  • Incorporation of tropical elements such as verandas and large windows
  • Use of local materials such as wood and stone
  • Imposing and grandiose designs
• Examples:
  • Jakarta History Museum (19th century)
  • Bandung's Grand Mosque (19th century)

Islamic Influences

• Introduced by Arab traders and Islamic missionaries in the 13th century
• Characterized by:
  • Use of arches, domes, and minarets
  • Ornate calligraphy and geometric patterns
  • Incorporation of Islamic symbols and motifs
• Examples:
  • Masjid Agung Demak (15th century)
  • Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddien Mosque (20th century)

Traditional Housing

• Characterized by:
  • Use of natural materials such as wood, bamboo, and thatch
  • Simple and functional designs
  • Orientation towards the sunrise and sunset
  • Incorporation of traditional elements such as verandas and courtyards
• Examples:
  • Traditional Javanese houses (Kampung)
  • Balinese villas (Bale)

Indonesian Architectural Styles

Javanese Architecture

• Characterized by ornate carvings, intricate details, and tiered roofs with multiple levels
• Influenced by Hindu and Buddhist traditions
• Notable examples include Borobudur Temple (9th century) and Prambanan Temple (9th century)

Balinese Architecture

• Features natural materials like wood, bamboo, and thatched roofs
• Ornate decorations, open-air spaces, and steeply pitched roofs with multiple levels are typical
• Influenced by Hindu and Buddhist traditions
• Notable examples include Pura Besakih Temple (14th century) and Ubud Palace (19th century)

Dutch Colonial Architecture

• Characterized by European-style buildings with Indonesian influences
• Incorporates tropical elements like verandas and large windows
• Local materials like wood and stone are used in imposing and grandiose designs
• Notable examples include Jakarta History Museum (19th century) and Bandung's Grand Mosque (19th century)

Islamic Influences

• Introduced by Arab traders and Islamic missionaries in the 13th century
• Features arches, domes, and minarets, with ornate calligraphy and geometric patterns
• Examples include Masjid Agung Demak (15th century) and Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddien Mosque (20th century)

Traditional Housing

• Characterized by the use of natural materials like wood, bamboo, and thatch
• Simple and functional designs with an orientation towards the sunrise and sunset
• Incorporates traditional elements like verandas and courtyards
• Examples include traditional Javanese houses (Kampung) and Balinese villas (Bale)