33 Questions
What was one of the negative outcomes of the insurrection in the 1980s according to the text?
Disruption of black schools
Why did Whites fear democracy in South Africa during the crises of the 1990s?
Fear of a communist black government taking everything they owned
In 1985, what condition did PW Botha set for the release of Nelson Mandela?
ANC withdrawal of violence as a form of struggle
Why did Nelson Mandela refuse talks with the government in 1985 according to the text?
Government policies were considered as obstacles
What prompted Nelson Mandela to request a meeting with the government in Pollsmoor prison in 1986?
The Emergency of 1986
Which party lost a significant number of seats in the election, leading De Klerk to believe that the white population would support reform?
The National Party
What event in 1989 marked a new turn in world history according to the passage?
The collapse of communist regimes in Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union
What was the purpose of the Harare Declaration adopted by the ANC and its allies in 1989?
To set out the principles under which political negotiations would be acceptable to the liberation movement
What announcement did De Klerk make when he opened Parliament on February 2, 1990?
The unbanning of anti-apartheid organizations
What was the main challenge faced by ANC and MDM leaders in 1989 as they prepared for negotiations?
Convincing their members to support negotiations
Which group was responsible for the attacks on the St James Church and Heidelberg Tavern in 1993?
The Azanian People's Liberation Army (APLA)
What was the purpose of the Transitional Executive Council established in the lead-up to the 1994 elections?
To rule the country in the run-up to the first democratic elections
What was the purpose of the Independent Electoral Commission and Independent Media Commission established prior to the 1994 elections?
To ensure the integrity and fairness of the electoral process
How did the attacks on the St James Church and Heidelberg Tavern impact the negotiations towards South Africa's first democratic elections?
They made most negotiators work harder to reach an agreement
What was the purpose of the Government of National Unity (GNU) formed after the 1994 elections?
To provide a power-sharing arrangement between the major political parties
What was the primary aim of the new Constitution drafted by the democratic parliament?
To protect the rights of all citizens and prevent abuse of power by any government
What was the significance of the mid-1990s in terms of South Africans' understanding of the new Constitution?
South Africans had come to understand that the Constitution protected the rights of all citizens and cultures
How is South Africa's current Constitution described in the passage?
As one of the most progressive and liberal constitutions in the world
What happened one week before the 1994 election date?
The IFP agreed to participate in the elections
How did South Africans react on the day of the 1994 elections?
The majority queued patiently in a spirit of celebration and unity
What concerns were raised about the election process?
Claims of vote rigging and stuffed ballot boxes, especially in rural areas
When did FW de Klerk concede that the ANC had won the election?
Three days before the results were announced
What compromise did Nelson Mandela make after the election results?
He accepted that the IFP had won in Natal province
In the spirit of compromise, a Government of National Unity (GNU) was formed with Mandela as president and with FW de Klerk and Thabo Mbeki as two deputy presidents, and six NP cabinet ministers in a 30-member cabinet. The first great achievement of the new democratic parliament was to draft a new ____________.
Constitution
By the mid-1990s, most South Africans had come to understand that their rights were best protected by a constitution that protected the rights of all citizens and cultures – and did not treat any groups ____________.
differently
Today, South Africa’s Constitution is regarded as one of the most progressive and liberal constitutions in the world: Protects the rights of individual citizens and prevents abuse of power by any ____________.
government
But the real work of transforming and rebuilding the country was only ____________.
beginning
There were compromises on the detail of clauses, but there was agreement on most of the fundamental principles in the ____________.
Constitution
The ANC agreed to a 'sunset clause' proposed by Joe Slovo that the jobs of white officials in government would be guaranteed for _____ years.
5
A democratically elected constitution-making body would also act as a transitional Government of National _________.
Unity
The NP abandoned its insistence on explicit minority vetoes and came to accept the idea that Afrikaners would be better protected under a liberal democratic constitution with limited power sharing for the first few _______.
years
The government quietly abandoned its support for the ________.
IFP
The Record of Understanding agreed that there would be limited power sharing in a government of national ________ (GNU).
unity
Explore how South Africa transitioned into a democracy from the crises of the 1990s and reconciled with its apartheid past. Learn about the events leading up to the negotiations and the challenges faced during this period.
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