Sound in Medicine: Physics and Perception

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Questions and Answers

What is the medical use of sound waves in breaking kidney stones?

  • To create a light wave
  • To create a static charge
  • To shatter the stones and avoid surgery (correct)
  • To measure weather conditions

What is the principle behind the Doppler Effect?

  • The change in frequency of the sound wave
  • The compression of sound waves between the moving object and the observer (correct)
  • The change in pitch of the sound wave
  • The increase in distance between the moving object and the observer

What is the actual change in the sound wave during the Doppler Effect?

  • A change in amplitude
  • No change in frequency (correct)
  • A change in pitch
  • A change in frequency

What is the purpose of using Doppler sound waves in the National Weather Service?

<p>To measure weather conditions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the distance and the sound wave during the Doppler Effect?

<p>The distance decreases as the sound wave approaches (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is lightning?

<p>A type of light wave (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is sound in medicine?

<p>A vibration that propagates through a medium (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of wave can sound propagate as in solids?

<p>Transverse wave (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the sound source in sound propagation?

<p>It creates vibrations in the surrounding medium (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the particles of the medium as the sound wave propagates?

<p>They vibrate in place (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What three factors affect the behavior of sound propagation?

<p>Medium, distance, and time (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the pressure, velocity, and displacement of the medium at a fixed distance from the source?

<p>They vary in time (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two fundamental elements of sound?

<p>Pressure and time (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the horizontal axis representing in Figure 2?

<p>Time (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a complex sound wave typically separated into?

<p>Component sound wave frequencies (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common way to simplify sound waves?

<p>Describe them in terms of sinusoidal plane waves (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of breaking down a complex sound wave into its component parts?

<p>To understand the sound more fully (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical graphical representation of a sound wave?

<p>Pressure over time graph (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between ultrasound and audible sound?

<p>Humans cannot hear ultrasound (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate frequency limit of human hearing in healthy young adults?

<p>20 kilohertz (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of ultrasound according to the American National Standards Institute?

<p>Sound at frequencies greater than 20 kHz (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason for the upper frequency limit of human hearing?

<p>Limitations of the middle ear (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the original meaning of the acronym Sonar?

<p>Sound Navigation and Ranging (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common use of ultrasound in underwater range finding?

<p>Sonar (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the outer ear?

<p>To collect sound and direct it into the ear (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the tympanic membrane also known as?

<p>Eardrum outer layer (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the Eustachian tube?

<p>To drain fluid from the middle ear into the throat (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the cochlea responsible for?

<p>Transforming sound into nerve impulses (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the semicircular canals?

<p>To send information on balance and head position (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many parts does the ear consist of?

<p>Three (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Ultrasound has different physical properties than audible sound.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The upper frequency limit of human hearing is 20 hertz.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Ultrasound devices can operate at frequencies as low as 10 kHz.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Ultrasound is used only in the medical field.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The American National Standards Institute defines ultrasound as sound at frequencies greater than 10 kHz.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Children can hear sounds at lower frequencies than older adults.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Ultrasound is used for sonar purposes.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The middle ear is responsible for the upper frequency limit of human hearing.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Auditory sensation can occur if high-intensity ultrasound is fed directly into the human ear.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Sonar is an acronym for sound navigation and detection.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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