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Questions and Answers
Gamma rays have a higher frequency than X-rays.
Gamma rays have a higher frequency than X-rays.
True (A)
The wavelength range of infrared radiation is between 400 and 700 nm.
The wavelength range of infrared radiation is between 400 and 700 nm.
False (B)
Television waves have a frequency lower than radar waves.
Television waves have a frequency lower than radar waves.
True (A)
The photon energy of a light wave with a frequency of 1020 Hertz is 105 electron volts.
The photon energy of a light wave with a frequency of 1020 Hertz is 105 electron volts.
Ultraviolet light has a longer wavelength than infrared rays.
Ultraviolet light has a longer wavelength than infrared rays.
Emissive IR photography uses long infrared waves emitted from the body.
Emissive IR photography uses long infrared waves emitted from the body.
Infra sound refers to sound frequencies that are above 20 kHz.
Infra sound refers to sound frequencies that are above 20 kHz.
Sound waves are longitudinal waves.
Sound waves are longitudinal waves.
Sound travels fastest in gases, relatively slower in liquids, and slowest in solids.
Sound travels fastest in gases, relatively slower in liquids, and slowest in solids.
Ultrasound refers to sound frequency in the range of 20 Hz to 20 kHz.
Ultrasound refers to sound frequency in the range of 20 Hz to 20 kHz.
Photographing the pupil of the eye can be done without stimulating the reflex that changes its size.
Photographing the pupil of the eye can be done without stimulating the reflex that changes its size.
Reflection is the change in direction of a wavefront at an interface between two different media so that the wavefront returns into the medium from which it originated.
Reflection is the change in direction of a wavefront at an interface between two different media so that the wavefront returns into the medium from which it originated.
In specular reflection, the reflected rays travel in random directions.
In specular reflection, the reflected rays travel in random directions.
The first law of reflection states that the angle of reflection equals the angle of incidence.
The first law of reflection states that the angle of reflection equals the angle of incidence.
Common examples of reflection include the reflection of light, sound, and water waves.
Common examples of reflection include the reflection of light, sound, and water waves.
Diffuse reflection occurs when the reflected rays are all parallel to each other.
Diffuse reflection occurs when the reflected rays are all parallel to each other.
The index of refraction $n$ can be expressed as the ratio $\frac{\lambda}{\lambda_n}$ where $\lambda$ is the wavelength of light in vacuum and $\lambda_n$ is the wavelength in the medium.
The index of refraction $n$ can be expressed as the ratio $\frac{\lambda}{\lambda_n}$ where $\lambda$ is the wavelength of light in vacuum and $\lambda_n$ is the wavelength in the medium.
If a beam of light of wavelength 550 nm in air is incident at 40.0° and the refracted beam makes an angle of 26.0° with the normal, the index of refraction of the material is 1.47.
If a beam of light of wavelength 550 nm in air is incident at 40.0° and the refracted beam makes an angle of 26.0° with the normal, the index of refraction of the material is 1.47.
The equation $n_1 \sin \theta_1 = n_2 \sin \theta_2$ can be derived by replacing the $\frac{v_2}{v_1}$ term in another equation with $\frac{n_1}{n_2}$.
The equation $n_1 \sin \theta_1 = n_2 \sin \theta_2$ can be derived by replacing the $\frac{v_2}{v_1}$ term in another equation with $\frac{n_1}{n_2}$.
A bronchoscope is used for examining the bladder.
A bronchoscope is used for examining the bladder.
The cold-light endoscope is designed to emit minimal IR radiation to minimize heating effects.
The cold-light endoscope is designed to emit minimal IR radiation to minimize heating effects.
The fiberoptic technique of the flexible endoscope is used for examination of the rectum.
The fiberoptic technique of the flexible endoscope is used for examination of the rectum.
The ratio of the speed of light in a vacuum to its speed in a given material is the index of refraction.
The ratio of the speed of light in a vacuum to its speed in a given material is the index of refraction.
Light behaves only as a wave and produces interference and diffraction.
Light behaves only as a wave and produces interference and diffraction.
When light is absorbed by tissues, its energy generally appears as sound.
When light is absorbed by tissues, its energy generally appears as sound.
Fluorescence involves the absorption of a light photon and the emission of a higher energy light photon.
Fluorescence involves the absorption of a light photon and the emission of a higher energy light photon.
Specular reflection occurs when light is reflected from very smooth surfaces such as mirrors.
Specular reflection occurs when light is reflected from very smooth surfaces such as mirrors.
One of the medical applications of laser beams is to coagulate small blood vessels in the retina.
One of the medical applications of laser beams is to coagulate small blood vessels in the retina.
When a ray of light moves from air to glass, its speed increases.
When a ray of light moves from air to glass, its speed increases.
The refracted ray is bent toward the normal when light travels from a faster medium to a slower medium.
The refracted ray is bent toward the normal when light travels from a faster medium to a slower medium.
The angle of refraction θ₂ is greater than the angle of incidence θ₁ when light moves from glass to air.
The angle of refraction θ₂ is greater than the angle of incidence θ₁ when light moves from glass to air.
All rays and the normal lie in the same plane at the air-glass interface.
All rays and the normal lie in the same plane at the air-glass interface.
The refracted ray is bent away from the normal if v₂ < v₁.
The refracted ray is bent away from the normal if v₂ < v₁.
When light moves from a slower medium to a faster medium, the angle of refraction is less than the angle of incidence.
When light moves from a slower medium to a faster medium, the angle of refraction is less than the angle of incidence.
Study Notes
General Physics
- Emissive IR photography uses long IR waves emitted from the body and is a form of thermography.
- To photograph the pupil of the eye without stimulating the reflex that changes its size, a special technique is used.
Sound in Medicine
- Sound is a mechanical wave produced by vibrating bodies.
- Sound waves are longitudinal waves, meaning the propagation of particle vibration is parallel to the direction of the energy wave propagation.
- Sound waves can be categorized into three types based on frequency: infrasound (below 20 Hz), audible sound (20 Hz - 20 kHz), and ultrasound (above 20 kHz).
Electromagnetic Radiation
- The electromagnetic radiation spectrum includes gamma rays, X-rays, ultraviolet light, infrared rays, radar waves, microwaves, television waves, and radio waves.
- Visible light is a part of the spectrum, with a range of 400-700 nm, and is composed of different colors including violet, indigo, blue, green, yellow, orange, and red.
Properties of Light
- Reflection, refraction, dispersion, and velocity are important properties of light.
- Reflection of light occurs when the light changes direction at an interface between two different media, returning into the medium from which it originated.
- The laws of reflection state that the incident ray, the reflected ray, and the normal at the point of incidence are in the same plane, and the angle of reflection equals the angle of incidence.
Light in Medicine
- The speed of light changes when it goes from one material into another, and the ratio of the speed of light in a vacuum to its speed in a given material is called the index of refraction.
- Light behaves both as a wave and a particle, producing interference and diffraction as a wave, and being absorbed by a single molecule as a particle.
- The energy from absorbed light can be converted into heat, which is used in medical applications such as IR light to heat tissues and laser beams to weld a detached retina to the back of the eyeball.
- Fluorescence is a property of light where a lower energy light photon is emitted when a light photon is absorbed.
- Light is reflected to some extent from all surfaces, with two types of reflection: diffuse reflection and specular reflection.
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Description
This quiz covers the application of physics principles in medical fields, including IR photography and sound waves in medical diagnosis.
