34 Questions
Gamma rays have a higher frequency than X-rays.
True
The wavelength range of infrared radiation is between 400 and 700 nm.
False
Television waves have a frequency lower than radar waves.
True
The photon energy of a light wave with a frequency of 1020 Hertz is 105 electron volts.
True
Ultraviolet light has a longer wavelength than infrared rays.
False
Emissive IR photography uses long infrared waves emitted from the body.
True
Infra sound refers to sound frequencies that are above 20 kHz.
False
Sound waves are longitudinal waves.
True
Sound travels fastest in gases, relatively slower in liquids, and slowest in solids.
False
Ultrasound refers to sound frequency in the range of 20 Hz to 20 kHz.
False
Photographing the pupil of the eye can be done without stimulating the reflex that changes its size.
True
Reflection is the change in direction of a wavefront at an interface between two different media so that the wavefront returns into the medium from which it originated.
True
In specular reflection, the reflected rays travel in random directions.
False
The first law of reflection states that the angle of reflection equals the angle of incidence.
False
Common examples of reflection include the reflection of light, sound, and water waves.
True
Diffuse reflection occurs when the reflected rays are all parallel to each other.
False
The index of refraction $n$ can be expressed as the ratio $\frac{\lambda}{\lambda_n}$ where $\lambda$ is the wavelength of light in vacuum and $\lambda_n$ is the wavelength in the medium.
True
If a beam of light of wavelength 550 nm in air is incident at 40.0° and the refracted beam makes an angle of 26.0° with the normal, the index of refraction of the material is 1.47.
True
The equation $n_1 \sin \theta_1 = n_2 \sin \theta_2$ can be derived by replacing the $\frac{v_2}{v_1}$ term in another equation with $\frac{n_1}{n_2}$.
True
A bronchoscope is used for examining the bladder.
False
The cold-light endoscope is designed to emit minimal IR radiation to minimize heating effects.
True
The fiberoptic technique of the flexible endoscope is used for examination of the rectum.
False
The ratio of the speed of light in a vacuum to its speed in a given material is the index of refraction.
True
Light behaves only as a wave and produces interference and diffraction.
False
When light is absorbed by tissues, its energy generally appears as sound.
False
Fluorescence involves the absorption of a light photon and the emission of a higher energy light photon.
False
Specular reflection occurs when light is reflected from very smooth surfaces such as mirrors.
True
One of the medical applications of laser beams is to coagulate small blood vessels in the retina.
True
When a ray of light moves from air to glass, its speed increases.
False
The refracted ray is bent toward the normal when light travels from a faster medium to a slower medium.
True
The angle of refraction θ₂ is greater than the angle of incidence θ₁ when light moves from glass to air.
True
All rays and the normal lie in the same plane at the air-glass interface.
True
The refracted ray is bent away from the normal if v₂ < v₁.
False
When light moves from a slower medium to a faster medium, the angle of refraction is less than the angle of incidence.
False
Study Notes
General Physics
- Emissive IR photography uses long IR waves emitted from the body and is a form of thermography.
- To photograph the pupil of the eye without stimulating the reflex that changes its size, a special technique is used.
Sound in Medicine
- Sound is a mechanical wave produced by vibrating bodies.
- Sound waves are longitudinal waves, meaning the propagation of particle vibration is parallel to the direction of the energy wave propagation.
- Sound waves can be categorized into three types based on frequency: infrasound (below 20 Hz), audible sound (20 Hz - 20 kHz), and ultrasound (above 20 kHz).
Electromagnetic Radiation
- The electromagnetic radiation spectrum includes gamma rays, X-rays, ultraviolet light, infrared rays, radar waves, microwaves, television waves, and radio waves.
- Visible light is a part of the spectrum, with a range of 400-700 nm, and is composed of different colors including violet, indigo, blue, green, yellow, orange, and red.
Properties of Light
- Reflection, refraction, dispersion, and velocity are important properties of light.
- Reflection of light occurs when the light changes direction at an interface between two different media, returning into the medium from which it originated.
- The laws of reflection state that the incident ray, the reflected ray, and the normal at the point of incidence are in the same plane, and the angle of reflection equals the angle of incidence.
Light in Medicine
- The speed of light changes when it goes from one material into another, and the ratio of the speed of light in a vacuum to its speed in a given material is called the index of refraction.
- Light behaves both as a wave and a particle, producing interference and diffraction as a wave, and being absorbed by a single molecule as a particle.
- The energy from absorbed light can be converted into heat, which is used in medical applications such as IR light to heat tissues and laser beams to weld a detached retina to the back of the eyeball.
- Fluorescence is a property of light where a lower energy light photon is emitted when a light photon is absorbed.
- Light is reflected to some extent from all surfaces, with two types of reflection: diffuse reflection and specular reflection.
This quiz covers the application of physics principles in medical fields, including IR photography and sound waves in medical diagnosis.
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