Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the appropriate way to write speakers' names in a transcription?
What is the appropriate way to write speakers' names in a transcription?
Which of the following is used to indicate overlapping speech in transcription?
Which of the following is used to indicate overlapping speech in transcription?
How should unclear words be represented in transcription?
How should unclear words be represented in transcription?
What role do opening greetings play in conversations?
What role do opening greetings play in conversations?
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What are adjacency pairs in conversation?
What are adjacency pairs in conversation?
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In proper transcription, how should one represent unconventional speech?
In proper transcription, how should one represent unconventional speech?
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What is the significance of turn-taking in conversation?
What is the significance of turn-taking in conversation?
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What can be inferred about conversations that are not cooperative?
What can be inferred about conversations that are not cooperative?
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What is a characteristic of prosodic features in conversation?
What is a characteristic of prosodic features in conversation?
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How does emotional state influence speech patterns?
How does emotional state influence speech patterns?
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What is the role of feedback in communication?
What is the role of feedback in communication?
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Which of the following best describes paralinguistic features?
Which of the following best describes paralinguistic features?
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What does the speed of speech indicate in a conversation?
What does the speed of speech indicate in a conversation?
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What does body language primarily refer to in conversation?
What does body language primarily refer to in conversation?
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What is an example of an adjacency pair in conversation?
What is an example of an adjacency pair in conversation?
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How do prosodic features contribute to spoken language?
How do prosodic features contribute to spoken language?
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Which of the following is NOT considered a prosodic feature?
Which of the following is NOT considered a prosodic feature?
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What is the primary effect of a topic shift in a conversation?
What is the primary effect of a topic shift in a conversation?
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What role does tone play in verbal communication?
What role does tone play in verbal communication?
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Which concept describes waiting one's turn to speak in a conversation?
Which concept describes waiting one's turn to speak in a conversation?
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What may signal that a conversation is ending?
What may signal that a conversation is ending?
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What does the term 'discourse' refer to in the context of spoken language?
What does the term 'discourse' refer to in the context of spoken language?
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What is an 'utterance' in conversation analysis?
What is an 'utterance' in conversation analysis?
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Which of the following conventions in transcription indicates a pause of several seconds?
Which of the following conventions in transcription indicates a pause of several seconds?
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What does the notation '[italics]' represent in a transcription?
What does the notation '[italics]' represent in a transcription?
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Which aspect distinguishes transcripts from written texts?
Which aspect distinguishes transcripts from written texts?
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What is a common challenge faced when transcribing informal discourse?
What is a common challenge faced when transcribing informal discourse?
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What should be done before beginning to transcribe a conversation?
What should be done before beginning to transcribe a conversation?
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Which of the following best describes the purpose of conventions in transcription?
Which of the following best describes the purpose of conventions in transcription?
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What best describes the primary difference between spoken and written language?
What best describes the primary difference between spoken and written language?
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Which of the following is a strategy to improve your understanding of spoken language features?
Which of the following is a strategy to improve your understanding of spoken language features?
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What is a characteristic of spontaneous speech?
What is a characteristic of spontaneous speech?
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Which aspect of public speaking distinguishes it from unscripted conversation?
Which aspect of public speaking distinguishes it from unscripted conversation?
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What should you consider when analyzing features of spoken language?
What should you consider when analyzing features of spoken language?
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How do digital communications affect the distinction between speech and writing?
How do digital communications affect the distinction between speech and writing?
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Which statement about the flow of conversation is true?
Which statement about the flow of conversation is true?
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What is an important aspect to consider when discussing the diversity of spoken language?
What is an important aspect to consider when discussing the diversity of spoken language?
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Study Notes
Features of Spoken Language
- Spoken language is different from written language in its features and conventions.
- Features of spoken language include:
- Opening Greetings: Establish ease and familiarity
- Turn-taking: Cooperative with participants taking turns, but overlapping is common.
- Adjacency pairs: Conversations often consist of a question, exclamation, or declaration followed by a response.
- Conversation Endings: Formulaic utterances and phrases signal closure.
Transcribing Unscripted Conversation
- Conventions used in transcribing include:
- (1) for pauses in seconds.
- (.) for micropauses.
- Underlined words for stressed syllables.
- // for speech overlap.
- [Italics] for paralinguistic features.
- UPPER CASE for words spoken with increased volume, upward intonation, or downward intonation.
- /wiv/ for phonemic representation of speech sounds.
- wordo for words spoken with decreased volume.
Prosodic and Paralinguistic Features
- Prosodic features:
- Tone conveys emotion.
- Pitch refers to voice being high or low.
- Volume corresponds to sound level.
- Speed relates to the pace of speech.
- Paralinguistic features are nonverbal elements that are crucial for understanding spoken language.
Key Features of Unscripted Speech
- Unscripted speech is spontaneous, and speakers use strategies to make it flow smoothly.
- Transcriptions are records of speech that represent how it was delivered through specific conventions.
- Discourse features:
- Opening greetings
- Turn-taking
- Adjacency pairs
- Conversation endings
- Key Terms:
- Body language
- Turn-taking
- Adjacency pairs
- Conversational Floor
- Status and topic shift can also be observed in unscripted speech.
- Paralinguistic features like facial expressions and gestures contribute to the meaning.
- Prosodic features like tone, pitch, volume, and speed add to the meaning.
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