Podcast
Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson
Questions and Answers
What characterizes semi-polar solvents?
What characterizes semi-polar solvents?
- Act as strong acids
- Have weak dipoles
- Unable to break covalent bonds (correct)
- Can break ionic bonds
Which of the following is true about semi-polar solvents?
Which of the following is true about semi-polar solvents?
- Are primarily hydrophobic in nature
- Enhance the solubility of water in benzene
- Increase the solubility of castor oil in water (correct)
- Are typically non-polar in nature
How is the concentration of a solution expressed in weight by weight percent (% w/w) calculated?
How is the concentration of a solution expressed in weight by weight percent (% w/w) calculated?
- Volume of solute / Volume of solution x 1oo
- Mass of solute / Volume of solution x 1oo
- Volume of solute / Volume of solution x 100
- Mass of solute / Mass of solution x 100 (correct)
What does mole fraction (X) of a solute represent?
What does mole fraction (X) of a solute represent?
Signup and view all the answers
In calculating mole percent, what does the numerator represent?
In calculating mole percent, what does the numerator represent?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Expressing Solubility
- Solubility of a solute can be expressed in terms of molarity, molality, and percent by weight.
- Molarity is the number of moles of solute contained in 1 liter of solution.
- Molality is the number of moles of solute dissolved in 1000 g of solvent.
- Percent by weight is the mass of solute per 100 g of solution.
Mole Fraction and Mole Percent
- Mole fraction (X) of a solute is the ratio of the number of moles of solute to the total number of moles of solute and solvent.
- Mole fraction of solute = No. of moles of solute / (No. of moles of solute + No. of moles of solvent)
- Mole percent of solute = X1 x 100
- Mole percent of solvent = X2 x 100
Normality
- Normality is the number of gram equivalents of solute per liter of solution.
- Gram equivalent mass = Molar mass / Equivalence factor
Solubility Calculations
- Problem 1: Molarity of a solution prepared by dissolving 75.5 g of KOH in 450 ml of solution.
- Problem 2: Weight of HCl present in 150 ml of a 0.5 molar solution.
- Problem 3: Molality of a solution made by dissolving 1.45 g of sucrose in 30 ml of water.
- Problem 4: Mole fraction of HCl of a solution containing 36% HCl by weight.
Semi-Polar Solvents
- Semi-polar solvents have strong dipoles but cannot break ionic or covalent bonds.
- Examples of semi-polar solvents: Ketones.
- They can increase the solubility of benzene in water and castor oil in water.
Concentration of a Solution
- Percent by weight: % = mass of solute / mass of solution x 100
- Percent by volume: % w/v = mass of solute / volume of solution x 100
- Percent volume by volume: % v/v = volume of solute / volume of solution x 100
- Parts per million (PPM): ratio of parts of solute per 1 million parts of the solution
- 1 PPM = 1 milligram / liter (mg/L) = 1 milligram / kilogram (mg/Kg)
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Test your knowledge on calculating solubility of a solute in terms of molarity, molality, percent by weight, mole fraction, and mole percent. Solve problems involving molarity and weight of solute in a solution.
