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Questions and Answers
What is a solution?
What is a solution?
Water is considered the most common solvent on Earth.
Water is considered the most common solvent on Earth.
True
Define the term 'solute'.
Define the term 'solute'.
The substance that dissolves in a solvent to produce a homogeneous mixture.
The substance in which a solute dissolves to produce a homogeneous mixture is called the ______.
The substance in which a solute dissolves to produce a homogeneous mixture is called the ______.
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Which of the following is NOT an example of a solute that can dissolve in liquids?
Which of the following is NOT an example of a solute that can dissolve in liquids?
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A heterogeneous mixture has a uniform composition throughout.
A heterogeneous mixture has a uniform composition throughout.
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Name one common liquid solvent used in food preparation.
Name one common liquid solvent used in food preparation.
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Match the solvents with their common uses:
Match the solvents with their common uses:
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What is often referred to as 'the universal solvent'?
What is often referred to as 'the universal solvent'?
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Tap water is a pure substance with no solutes.
Tap water is a pure substance with no solutes.
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What substance is added to water to kill bacteria?
What substance is added to water to kill bacteria?
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The gold used in jewelry that is 14 parts gold to 10 parts other metals is known as _____ gold.
The gold used in jewelry that is 14 parts gold to 10 parts other metals is known as _____ gold.
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Which of the following is an example of an alloy?
Which of the following is an example of an alloy?
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Match the following gases to their percentage in air:
Match the following gases to their percentage in air:
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Solid solutions can only involve metals as both solvent and solute.
Solid solutions can only involve metals as both solvent and solute.
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What is the primary solvent in gas solutions such as air?
What is the primary solvent in gas solutions such as air?
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According to the Particle Theory, which of the following statements is correct?
According to the Particle Theory, which of the following statements is correct?
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All particles of a pure substance have different properties.
All particles of a pure substance have different properties.
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What does the term 'solubility' describe?
What does the term 'solubility' describe?
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In a solution, the substance that dissolves is called the ______.
In a solution, the substance that dissolves is called the ______.
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Match the states of matter with their particle behavior:
Match the states of matter with their particle behavior:
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What happens to the particles of a solid when heated?
What happens to the particles of a solid when heated?
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If a solid does not dissolve in a liquid, the solute and solvent particles are strongly attracted to each other.
If a solid does not dissolve in a liquid, the solute and solvent particles are strongly attracted to each other.
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List one example of what happens during the solubility lab experiment.
List one example of what happens during the solubility lab experiment.
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What is the definition of a concentrated solution?
What is the definition of a concentrated solution?
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A saturated solution can still dissolve more solute at a given temperature.
A saturated solution can still dissolve more solute at a given temperature.
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What indicates the concentration of a solution?
What indicates the concentration of a solution?
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If a solution contains 6.0 g of sugar in 200 mL of solution, the concentration is ____ g/100 mL.
If a solution contains 6.0 g of sugar in 200 mL of solution, the concentration is ____ g/100 mL.
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Which of the following describes an unsaturated solution?
Which of the following describes an unsaturated solution?
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The maximum amount of solute that can dissolve in a given volume of solvent at a particular temperature is called the _____.
The maximum amount of solute that can dissolve in a given volume of solvent at a particular temperature is called the _____.
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If Miss Gwillam likes her hot chocolate super chocolatey, what does she need to do?
If Miss Gwillam likes her hot chocolate super chocolatey, what does she need to do?
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Match the following types of solutions with their definitions:
Match the following types of solutions with their definitions:
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Study Notes
Pure Substances & Mixtures
- Matter can be classified based on its physical characteristics.
- Pure substances and mixtures affect society and the environment.
- The particle theory of matter explains the physical characteristics of matter.
- Understanding matter's characteristics leads to informed choices about its use.
Solutions, Solvents & Solutes
- A solution is a homogeneous mixture of one or more solutes dissolved in a solvent.
- The solvent is the substance in which the solute dissolves to form a homogeneous mixture. It's present in a larger quantity.
- The solute is the substance that dissolves in the solvent to form a homogeneous mixture. It's present in the smaller quantity.
- Solutions can be liquid, solid, or gas, depending on the solute and solvent.
Lesson Goals
- Understand that a solution is a mixture that looks like a pure substance.
- Understand the difference between a solute and a solvent.
- Analyze the impact solvents have on the environment.
- Use scientific inquiry skills to classify matter as a solute or solvent.
Minds On
- Lemonade is used as an example of a solution.
- The parts of the lemonade solution (water and lemonade powder) are considered.
- Whether the parts are elements, compounds, homogeneous or heterogeneous is reviewed.
Solutions
- A solution is a homogeneous mixture of one or more solutes dissolved in a solvent.
- The solvent is the substance present in the larger quantity.
- The solute is the substance dissolved in the solvent.
- Liquids like water or vegetable oil are often solvents in food preparation.
Liquid Solutions
- Water is the most common solvent on Earth.
- Other solvents include ethanol, turpentine, and ethyl acetate.
- Solutes can be solids, liquids, or gases.
- Examples of solid solutes: salt and sugar.
- Example of a liquid solute: acetic acid (in vinegar).
- Examples of gaseous solutes: carbon dioxide and nitrogen.
Solutions - Examples
- Brass alloy: Zinc in copper
- Amalgam: Mercury in silver
- Antifreeze in radiator: Ethylene glycol in water
- Carbonated beverages: CO2 in water
- Bronze: Tin dissolved in copper
- Sugar water: Sugar dissolved in water
- Alcoholic drinks: Alcohol dissolved in water
- Saltwater: Salt dissolved in water
- Air: many gases in nitrogen
Solute, Solvent & Solution
- Solutions are visualized as having a solute (e.g., salt) dissolved into a solvent (e.g., water).
Recap
- Salt (solute) dissolves in water (solvent) to form a salt solution.
Water: The Universal Solvent
- Water dissolves more substances than any other solvent and is thus called "the universal solvent".
- Tap water contains many solutes (iron, aluminium, salt, Fluorine, calcium, magnesium, and chlorine).
- Water picks up solutes as it flows through rivers, lakes, underground, and from the air.
- Pollutants can also dissolve in water.
Solid Solutions
- Solutions can also be solid.
- Alloys are solid solutions of two or more metals.
- Examples include 14 karat gold and brass (copper and zinc).
- In brass, copper is the solvent; zinc is the solute.
- In bronze, copper is the solvent; tin is the solute.
Gas Solutions
- Air is a gas solution with nitrogen, oxygen, and argon as the major components.
- Other gas solutions exist, such as gasoline-air mixtures or perfumes.
Your Task (Additional Information)
- Students are instructed to consolidate their learning by completing tasks on Google Classroom.
Solubility
- Solutes, which can dissolve in a solvent, can be solid, liquid or gas.
- The maximum amount of solute that can dissolve at a certain temperature is the solubility.
- A saturated solution has the maximum amount of solute dissolved.
- An unsaturated solution can dissolve more solute.
Solubility Lab
- Solvents are soluble in specific solvents when the solute and solvent particles are attracted to each other.
- If solute and solvent particles are not strongly attracted to each other, certain behaviors will likely result.
5.5 Lab Take Up
- A lab task is outlined.
Concentration and Solubility
- These are distinct concepts.
- Concentration describes the quantity of solute per volume of a solution.
- Solubility is the quantity of solute per volume of a solvent at a certain temperature.
Concentrated and Dilute Solutions
- "Concentrated" and "dilute" describe how much solute is in a particular volume of solution.
- A concentrated solution has a large amount of solute.
- A dilute solution has a small amount of solute.
Calculating Concentration
- The concentration is the mass of solute in 100 mL of solution.
Calculating Concentration - Examples
- Examples of calculating the concentration of solutions are provided.
Saturated and Unsaturated Solutions
- A saturated solution is a solution that has the maximum amount of solute that can dissolve at a certain temperature.
- An unsaturated solution can dissolve more solute.
Solubility
- Solvents dissolve a limit of a substance at a given temperature.
- Solubility measures the maximum mass of solute per 100 mL of solvent.
Solubility - Distinguishing Characteristics
- Concentration is expressed as mass of solute/volume of solution.
- Solubility represents the mass of solute/volume of solvent.
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Description
Test your knowledge about solutions, solutes, and solvents in this quiz. Explore concepts like homogeneous and heterogeneous mixtures, the role of water as a solvent, and the characteristics of alloys. Perfect for chemistry students and those looking to refresh their understanding.
