Solutions and Cell Effects
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following best describes the primary function of the cell membrane?

  • To only allow water to pass through
  • To be semipermeable (correct)
  • To allow all substances to pass through
  • To be impermeable

    • What is the process by which glucose and oxygen are converted into ATP and carbon dioxide?

  • Catabolism
  • Cellular respiration (correct)
  • Metabolism
  • Anabolism

    • What is the primary function of mitochondria?

  • To break down nutrients
  • To carry out cellular respiration (correct)
  • To produce new cells
  • To maintain homeostasis

    • Which characteristic of life refers to the ability to sense and respond to changes in the external environment?

    <p>Irritability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the waste product of cellular respiration?

    <p>Carbon dioxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the ability to maintain a stable internal environment despite changes in the external environment?

    <p>Homeostasis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process by which the cell takes in raw materials from the environment, breaks them down, and builds what it needs?

    <p>Metabolism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of a hypertonic solution?

    <p>It has a higher concentration of solutes than the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a hypertonic solution?

    <p>Salad dressing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of a hypotonic solution?

    <p>It has a lower concentration of solutes than the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a hypotonic solution?

    <p>D5W</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of an isotonic solution?

    <p>It has an equal concentration of solutes as the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of an isotonic solution?

    <p>Normal saline</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of active transport?

    <p>It requires energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process involves the transport of material from inside the cell to the outside?

    <p>Exocytosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the fluid that is inside the cells called?

    <p>Intracellular fluid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process involves the cell 'eating' and getting rid of foreign particles/dead cells?

    <p>Phagocytosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the fluid that is drained from body tissue and travels in lymph vessels called?

    <p>Lymph</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process involves the cell 'drinking' and transporting large proteins from outside the cell to inside the cell?

    <p>Pinocytosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the fluid located between the cells in tissues all over the body called?

    <p>Interstitial fluid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about proteins?

    <p>Proteins are made up of many repeating units called amino acids.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about the shape of proteins?

    <p>The shape of a protein is important for its function.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about catalysts?

    <p>Catalysts are proteins that help chemical reactions happen faster.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about mutations?

    <p>Mutations are variations in genes that result in different proteins being made.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about cancer?

    <p>Cancer is caused by mutations that result in uncontrolled cell division.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about mixtures?

    <p>Mixtures are combinations of compounds that are not bound to each other.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about solutions?

    <p>Solutions are homogeneous mixtures where one substance is dissolved in another.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about proteins?

    <p>Proteins are composed of amino acids bonded together to form polypeptides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a substance that helps chemical reactions happen faster?

    <p>Catalyst</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes an enzyme?

    <p>A protein catalyst that speeds up chemical reactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a variation in a gene that results in a different protein being made?

    <p>Mutation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about solutions?

    <p>Solutions are mixtures in which one substance is evenly distributed in another</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a solution that has the same overall concentration of solutes as the cell?

    <p>Isotonic solution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a mixture in which substances are not evenly distributed?

    <p>Heterogeneous mixture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of life that refers to the ability to sense or monitor changes in the external environment and respond to them?

    <p>Motility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the primary function of the cell membrane?

    <p>To be semipermeable</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the waste product of cellular respiration?

    <p>Carbon dioxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process by which the cell takes in raw materials from the environment, breaks them down into usable building blocks, and builds what it needs?

    <p>Anabolism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the ability to maintain a stable/ balanced/ consistent internal environment in spite of a constantly changing external environment?

    <p>Homeostasis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of mitochondria?

    <p>To produce ATP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a supplemental oxygen?

    <p>Air we breathe is 21% oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about endocytosis?

    <p>It is the process by which the cell 'eats' and gets rid of foreign particles/dead cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the fluid that is drained from body tissue and travels in lymph vessels?

    <p>Lymph</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about fluid compartments?

    <p>Extracellular fluid accounts for about 2/3 - 3/4 of all body fluid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the cell membrane?

    <p>To provide a protective barrier for the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of a hypertonic solution?

    <p>It has a higher solute concentration than the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the fluid that is inside the cells called?

    <p>Intracellular fluid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the waste product of cellular respiration?

    <p>Carbon dioxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about solutions?

    <p>Solutions can be solid, liquid, or gas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of active transport?

    <p>Bulk transport</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about osmosis?

    <p>It is the diffusion of water across a semi-permeable membrane from a place where water is present in high concentration to a place where it is present in low concentration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of facilitated diffusion?

    <p>It moves material through the cell membrane by using protein carriers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about filtration?

    <p>It is the movement of a solution (water + dissolved materials) through a membrane as a result of a mechanical force or pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a hypertonic solution?

    <p>Salad dressing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about active transport?

    <p>It requires energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about bulk transport?

    <p>It requires energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of life that refers to the ability of an organism to maintain a stable internal environment despite changes in the external environment?

    <p>Homeostasis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the waste product of cellular respiration?

    <p>Carbon dioxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of mitochondria?

    <p>To produce ATP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about the pH scale?

    <p>The pH scale measures acidity or alkalinity on a scale of 0-14.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about facilitated diffusion?

    <p>Facilitated diffusion is faster than simple diffusion due to the presence of transporter proteins.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about active transport?

    <p>Active transport uses a type of transporter molecule called a pump.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a function of proteins?

    <p>Energy production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about catalysts?

    <p>They are enzymes that only work on a specific substance called a substrate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about solutions?

    <p>They are mixtures in which one substance is evenly distributed in another</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about exocytosis?

    <p>It involves the transport of material from inside the cell to the outside.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the fluid that cushions and protects the brain and spinal cord called?

    <p>Cerebrospinal fluid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the fluid located between the cells in tissues all over the body called?

    <p>Interstitial fluid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the fluid found in blood vessels called?

    <p>Blood plasma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of exocytosis?

    <p>Transport of material from inside the cell to the outside</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of interstitial fluid?

    <p>To drain fluid from body tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about the intracellular fluid?

    <p>It makes up about 2/3 - 3/4 of all body fluid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process involves the cell 'eating' and getting rid of foreign particles or dead cells?

    <p>Phagocytosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process involves the cell 'drinking' and transporting large proteins from outside the cell to inside the cell?

    <p>Pinocytosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process involves the transport of material from inside the cell to the outside?

    <p>Exocytosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which fluid compartment is located inside the cells?

    <p>Intracellular Fluid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which fluid compartment includes all fluids found outside the cells?

    <p>Extracellular Fluid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which fluid compartment is drained from body tissue and travels in lymph vessels?

    <p>Lymph</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which fluid compartment is located between the cells in tissues all over the body?

    <p>Interstitial fluid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which fluid compartment is found in blood vessels?

    <p>Extracellular Fluid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of interstitial fluid?

    <p>To be located between the cells in tissues all over the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process by which the cell takes in raw materials from the environment, breaks them down, and builds what it needs?

    <p>Endocytosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Characteristics of Life, Proteins, Chemistry of the Cell, Transport Mechanisms

    • Characteristics of life include irritability, motility, metabolism, homeostasis, growth, and reproduction.
    • The primary function of the cell membrane is to be semi-permeable, allowing some substances through while keeping others out.
    • Mitochondria are the site of cellular respiration, where glucose and oxygen are converted into ATP and carbon dioxide.
    • Proteins are made up of amino acids and have various functions, including structural support, antibody production, and enzyme activity.
    • Enzymes are protein catalysts that speed up chemical reactions in the body.
    • Mutations in genes can result in the production of different proteins, such as in the case of hemoglobin.
    • Cancer is caused by mutations that lead to uncontrolled cell division, particularly in fast-dividing epithelial tissue.
    • Mixtures can be separated by physical means, and can be homogeneous or heterogeneous.
    • Solutions are homogeneous mixtures in which one substance is dissolved in another, such as saline or dextrose in water.
    • Electrolytes, such as sodium, potassium, calcium, and iron, play important roles in nerve impulses, muscle contraction, and other physiological processes.
    • Transport mechanisms in cells can be passive, such as diffusion and facilitated diffusion, or active, such as active transport.
    • Osmosis is the diffusion of water across a semi-permeable membrane from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration, to equalize the water content.
    • Filtration is the movement of a solution through a membrane under mechanical force or pressure, such as in the kidneys.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on different types of solutions and their effects on cells with this quiz! Learn about hypertonic and hypotonic solutions and how they impact cell size and function.

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