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Questions and Answers
What is supersaturation and how does it relate to thiosulfate?
Supersaturation is when a solution contains more solute than it can normally dissolve at a given temperature. Thiosulfate can dissolve in large amounts at an elevated temperature and, upon cooling, fail to crystallize from the solution, demonstrating supersaturation.
List 3 factors that affect solubility, as mentioned in the text.
The temperature of the solution, pressure above the solution, and the state of subdivision of the solute.
How can the solubility of a drug be expressed?
The solubility of a drug can be expressed in terms of molarity, normality, molality, mole fraction, and percentage (w/w, w/v, v/v).
What does the United States Pharmacopeia (USP) list as the measure of drug solubility?
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Give an example of a drug solubility measure according to the United States Pharmacopeia (USP).
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Study Notes
Solubility Definitions
- Solubility is defined as the concentration of solute in a saturated solution at a certain temperature
- Qualitatively, solubility is the spontaneous interaction of two or more substances to form a homogeneous molecular dispersion
Solution Types
- A saturated solution is one in which the solute in solution is in equilibrium with the solid phase
- An unsaturated or subsaturated solution contains a concentration of dissolved solute below the saturation point at a specific temperature
- A supersaturated solution contains more dissolved solute than it would normally contain at a definite temperature, if the excess solute were present
Supersaturation Example
- When a solution is cooled slowly, excess solute may not precipitate immediately, forming a supersaturated solution
- In this state, the solution contains more dissolved solute than predicted by the solubility limit at a specific temperature
- Eventually, the excess solute will precipitate, forming crystals and returning the solution to a saturated state
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Description
Test your knowledge about solubility and solutions with this quiz. Learn about quantitative and qualitative definitions of solubility, saturated and unsaturated solutions, and more.
