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Questions and Answers
A chemist has dissolved a certain substance in water. The chemist knows that more of the substance could be dissolved into the water before it stops dissolving. Therefore, the current solution is _______________________.
A chemist has dissolved a certain substance in water. The chemist knows that more of the substance could be dissolved into the water before it stops dissolving. Therefore, the current solution is _______________________.
unsaturated
Under which conditions will sugar most likely dissolve fastest in a cup of water?
Under which conditions will sugar most likely dissolve fastest in a cup of water?
- Sugar crystals with stirring at 15°C (correct)
- Sugar crystals without stirring at 5°C
- A sugar cube without stirring at 15°C
- A sugar cube with stirring at 5°C
What is the solubility of Na2HAsO4 at 60°C?
What is the solubility of Na2HAsO4 at 60°C?
- 46 g/100 mL of water
- 20 g/100 mL of water
- 70 g/100 mL of water
- 65 g/100 mL of water (correct)
Under which conditions would the solubility of a gas be greatest?
Under which conditions would the solubility of a gas be greatest?
Which bottle would have the highest concentration of dissolved gas?
Which bottle would have the highest concentration of dissolved gas?
Which method would increase the solubility of a gas?
Which method would increase the solubility of a gas?
Which is true about the dissolving process in water?
Which is true about the dissolving process in water?
Which term best describes the solution immediately after it was heated?
Which term best describes the solution immediately after it was heated?
Which refers to the amount of a solute that will dissolve in a given volume of solvent at a given temperature and pressure?
Which refers to the amount of a solute that will dissolve in a given volume of solvent at a given temperature and pressure?
Which term best describes the solution before the crystal was added?
Which term best describes the solution before the crystal was added?
Which is the second step in the dissolving process?
Which is the second step in the dissolving process?
What is the best way to describe a solution with a concentration greater than the maximum predicted from the solute's solubility?
What is the best way to describe a solution with a concentration greater than the maximum predicted from the solute's solubility?
Which two solutions have similar solubilities at 40°C?
Which two solutions have similar solubilities at 40°C?
Which factor increases the rate of dissolution in an unsaturated solution?
Which factor increases the rate of dissolution in an unsaturated solution?
What property of the unknown substance was the chemist most likely investigating?
What property of the unknown substance was the chemist most likely investigating?
Which is true about dissolving a polar substance in water?
Which is true about dissolving a polar substance in water?
Which sample most likely had the highest solubility?
Which sample most likely had the highest solubility?
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Study Notes
Solutions and Solubility Concepts
- An unsaturated solution can dissolve more solute without any visible changes.
- Factors affecting the rate of sugar dissolution in water include stirring and temperature. Sugar dissolves fastest when stirred in warm water.
- At 60°C, the solubility of Na2HAsO4 is 65 g/100 mL of water, indicating increased solubility with temperature.
- Gases tend to have higher solubility under high pressure and low temperature conditions.
- A sealed soda bottle maintains the highest concentration of dissolved carbon dioxide.
- Increasing pressure enhances the solubility of gases, making it a key factor in gas dissolution.
Dissolving Processes and Characteristics
- Polar solutes (e.g., table salt) interact differently with water than nonpolar solutes.
- When solute crystals sink, the solution is likely unsaturated until heated, which allows more solute to dissolve.
- Solubility refers to how much solute can dissolve in a specific volume of solvent at certain temperature and pressure.
- A supersaturated solution contains more solute than predicted by its solubility, often leading to immediate crystal formation upon stirring.
Key Experimental Observations
- The second step of the dissolving process involves solvent molecules surrounding solute particles after mixing.
- Comparing the solubility of substances at different temperatures can reveal crucial information; for instance, table salt and table sugar exhibit different solubility behaviors in water.
- Increasing the temperature of an unsaturated solution typically speeds up the dissolution process.
Solubility Comparisons and Findings
- Under various conditions, different samples illustrate the solubility trends of known compounds, with table sugar typically demonstrating higher solubility at elevated temperatures compared to table salt.
- Investigations through experiments may lead to insights regarding a substance's solubility, which is critical for various applications in chemistry and materials science.
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