Solar System Formation and Elemental Abundance Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What nuclear reactions during stellar evolution are responsible for synthesizing elements?

  • Triple alpha process (correct)
  • Fusion reaction process
  • Single alpha process
  • Beta decay process
  • What temperature is required for helium fusion by the triple alpha process to convert three He atoms into C?

  • $100 \times 10^6K$ (correct)
  • $50 \times 10^6K$
  • $125 \times 10^6K$
  • $75 \times 10^6K$
  • What happens to stars when their fuel is spent and they become unstable?

  • They turn into neutron stars or black holes
  • They explode in a supernova (correct)
  • They shrink into smaller stars
  • They evolve into red giants
  • How do new stars form from blown away debris of supernova explosions?

    <p>By forming clouds of gas that collapse to create new stars</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What sources aid in the study of wavelength spectra emitted by stellar bodies?

    <p>Telescopes and satellites</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which elements are the most abundant in the solar system?

    <p>Hydrogen and Helium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are elements with even atomic numbers more abundant than their immediate neighbors with odd atomic numbers?

    <p>They are lighter elements and easier to form in stellar environments.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do Tc and Pm not occur naturally in the solar system?

    <p>They have unstable isotopes that decay rapidly.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does Fe have notably higher abundance compared to other elements with similar atomic numbers?

    <p>It is a product of supernova explosions, enriching its abundance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are differentiated meteorites distinct from undifferentiated meteorites?

    <p>They have experienced major chemical or physical changes since formation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do elements with atomic numbers greater than 83 (Bi) occur naturally at very low abundance?

    <p>They decay rapidly due to unstable isotopes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What makes most meteorites believed to be derived from collisions of larger bodies in the asteroid belt?

    <p>Their fragments surviving passage through the Earth's atmosphere.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the major method used to discern rock type, especially in the case of volcanic and glassy rocks?

    <p>Whole rock geochemical analysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which two elements together make up over 70% of the Earth's crustal composition?

    <p>Oxygen and Silicon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the Earth's crust, how many elements constitute more than 99.5% of its composition?

    <p>Nine elements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what depth do we typically find the Earth's upper mantle, which is composed of olivine, pyroxene, and plagioclase feldspar?

    <p>Around 400 km</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which region of the Earth's interior is likely to be richer in Iron compared to the upper mantle?

    <p>Lower Mantle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two main components of Earth's core in terms of elemental composition?

    <p>Iron and Nickel</p> Signup and view all the answers

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