Solar System Formation and Elemental Abundance Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What nuclear reactions during stellar evolution are responsible for synthesizing elements?

  • Triple alpha process (correct)
  • Fusion reaction process
  • Single alpha process
  • Beta decay process

What temperature is required for helium fusion by the triple alpha process to convert three He atoms into C?

  • $100 \times 10^6K$ (correct)
  • $50 \times 10^6K$
  • $125 \times 10^6K$
  • $75 \times 10^6K$

What happens to stars when their fuel is spent and they become unstable?

  • They turn into neutron stars or black holes
  • They explode in a supernova (correct)
  • They shrink into smaller stars
  • They evolve into red giants

How do new stars form from blown away debris of supernova explosions?

<p>By forming clouds of gas that collapse to create new stars (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What sources aid in the study of wavelength spectra emitted by stellar bodies?

<p>Telescopes and satellites (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which elements are the most abundant in the solar system?

<p>Hydrogen and Helium (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are elements with even atomic numbers more abundant than their immediate neighbors with odd atomic numbers?

<p>They are lighter elements and easier to form in stellar environments. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do Tc and Pm not occur naturally in the solar system?

<p>They have unstable isotopes that decay rapidly. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why does Fe have notably higher abundance compared to other elements with similar atomic numbers?

<p>It is a product of supernova explosions, enriching its abundance. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are differentiated meteorites distinct from undifferentiated meteorites?

<p>They have experienced major chemical or physical changes since formation. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do elements with atomic numbers greater than 83 (Bi) occur naturally at very low abundance?

<p>They decay rapidly due to unstable isotopes. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What makes most meteorites believed to be derived from collisions of larger bodies in the asteroid belt?

<p>Their fragments surviving passage through the Earth's atmosphere. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the major method used to discern rock type, especially in the case of volcanic and glassy rocks?

<p>Whole rock geochemical analysis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which two elements together make up over 70% of the Earth's crustal composition?

<p>Oxygen and Silicon (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the Earth's crust, how many elements constitute more than 99.5% of its composition?

<p>Nine elements (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

At what depth do we typically find the Earth's upper mantle, which is composed of olivine, pyroxene, and plagioclase feldspar?

<p>Around 400 km (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which region of the Earth's interior is likely to be richer in Iron compared to the upper mantle?

<p>Lower Mantle (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two main components of Earth's core in terms of elemental composition?

<p>Iron and Nickel (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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