Soil Types in India
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Soil Types in India

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary reason for the decrease in storage capacity of reservoirs due to soil erosion?

  • Accumulation of silt in reservoirs (correct)
  • Soil sedimentation at the riverbed
  • Change in the course of direction of rivers
  • Reduced moisture retention capacity of soil
  • Which of the following is not a measure to prevent soil erosion?

  • Contour cultivation
  • Over-irrigation (correct)
  • Construction of check dams
  • Proper use of water
  • What is the difference between soil management and soil conservation?

  • Soil management focuses on increasing agricultural produce, while soil conservation focuses on protecting fertility
  • Soil management focuses on protecting fertility, while soil conservation focuses on both protecting fertility and using soil in a healthy way (correct)
  • Soil management focuses on protecting fertility, while soil conservation focuses on increasing agricultural produce
  • Soil conservation is a part of soil management
  • What is the effect of soil erosion on groundwater?

    <p>Decreases groundwater levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a cause of soil erosion?

    <p>Manufacture of bricks and tiles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the area of alluvial soil in India?

    <p>7.7 million square kilometers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of soil is also called as 'Black Cotton Soil' or 'Regur Soil'?

    <p>Black Soil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of soil has the most decayed and dead organic matter?

    <p>Mountain Soil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of soil has the lowest moisture retention capacity?

    <p>Desert Soil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which state is the largest area of alluvial soil found?

    <p>Uttar Pradesh</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which crop is commonly grown in the mountain soil?

    <p>Spices</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of soil has oxides of lime and magnesium?

    <p>Black Soil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of soil is formed by the weathering of igneous rocks?

    <p>Black Soil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Soil Types in India

    • There are 6 types of soils in India: Alluvial, Black, Red, Laterite, Desert, and Mountain soil.

    Alluvial Soil

    • Covers an area of 7.7 million square kilometers
    • Crops grown: Wheat, Paddy, Sugarcane, Jowar, Jute, Cotton
    • Found in states: Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal, Bihar, Orissa, and Assam
    • Facts: The Indian Alluvial Tract is the largest in the world

    Black Soil

    • Covers an area of 5.46 lakh square kilometers
    • Crops grown: Cotton, Wheat, Paddy, Jute, Sugarcane
    • Found in states: Maharashtra, Goa, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, and Andhra Pradesh
    • Facts: Also called 'Black Cotton Soil' or 'Regur Soil', it has oxides of lime and magnesium, and is best for cotton cultivation

    Red Soil

    • Covers an area of 5.18 lakh square kilometers
    • Crops grown: Oilseeds, Ragi, Tobacco
    • Found in states: Kanyakumari to Madhya Pradesh and Gujarat to Rajmahal Hills
    • Facts: Most widely spread soil in the Peninsular Plateau

    Laterite Soil

    • Covers an area of 2.48 lakh square kilometers
    • Crops grown: Coffee, Tea, Areca nut, and other plantation crops
    • Found in states: Western Ghats, Satpuras, Poorvanchal, Rajmahal Hills, and Vindhyas
    • Facts: Red in color, lacks nitrogen and minerals, and has insoluble oxides of iron and aluminum

    Desert Soil

    • Covers an area of 1.4 lakh square kilometers
    • Crops grown: Sajje, Dates, Jowar
    • Found in states: Gujarat, Rajasthan, Punjab, and Haryana
    • Facts: Red and brown in color, has low moisture retention capacity

    Mountain Soil

    • Crops grown: Spices, Fruits, Coffee, Tea
    • Found in states: Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, West Bengal, Uttarakhand, and Siwaliks
    • Facts: Contains the most decayed and dead organic matter, making it the most fertile and rich in nitrogen and minerals

    Soil Erosion

    • Causes: Deforestation, Overgrazing, Over-irrigation, Unscientific methods of cultivation, and manufacture of bricks and tiles
    • Effects:
      • Accumulation of silt in river beds and reservoirs
      • Reduced moisture retention capacity of soil
      • Change in course of direction of rivers
      • Reduced storage capacity of reservoirs
      • Frequent floods
      • Decreased groundwater level
    • Measures to prevent soil erosion:
      • Afforestation
      • Reduce deforestation
      • Terrace farming
      • Construction of bunds and check dams
      • Proper use of water
      • Prevention of overgrazing
      • Contour cultivation

    Soil Management and Conservation

    • Soil management: Protecting the fertility of the soil
    • Soil conservation: Protecting the fertility of the soil and using it in a healthy way to increase agricultural produce

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    Description

    This quiz covers the different types of soil found in India, their characteristics, and the regions where they are found. Learn about the 6 types of soil and their unique features.

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