SoHP503 Project Studies Literature Search
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Questions and Answers

What was the primary focus of the large-scale study conducted by Lattimer et.al (2000)?

  • The effectiveness of psychological assessments
  • Patient satisfaction with GP visits
  • Safety of nurse-led telephone triage (correct)
  • Management strategies in nursing

Which aspect of Lattimer et.al (2000) distinguishes it from other studies in the field?

  • It utilized a large sample size to identify rare adverse events. (correct)
  • It was limited to a single geographic location.
  • It focused exclusively on patient demographics.
  • It was the first study on the impact of telemedicine.

What is one of the advantages of the CASP tool mentioned?

  • It is designed specifically for qualitative research.
  • It guarantees the validity of study outcomes.
  • It helps in organizing thoughts and information. (correct)
  • It eliminates research biases completely.

What limitation should be considered when appraising a study according to CASP tools?

<p>The reliability and validity of the study's findings. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key question to assess the generalizability of a study's findings?

<p>How well can the findings be replicated in different settings? (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be stated clearly at the end of the background section of a research project?

<p>The impact and rationale for the research (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which research framework helps formulate the research question?

<p>PICO (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many research objectives should typically be included in a project?

<p>Between two and five (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the aim of a research project?

<p>A statement of intention for the research (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a critical component of the literature review framework?

<p>A critical appraisal of relevant studies (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of developing a research question, what does 'Population' refer to?

<p>The demographic characteristics of the sample (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a part of a critical review in the literature review?

<p>Personal opinions of the researcher (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should follow the aim in a research project?

<p>A defined research question (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following terms is used to define the population in the PICO criteria?

<p>Diabet* (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one alternate term for the intervention in the study's search criteria?

<p>Health promotion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which outcome is associated with the key term 'adherence' in the PICO criteria?

<p>Foot ulcer (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the PICO framework, which of the following would NOT be considered an alternate term for the population?

<p>Lifestyle (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term represents an aspect of 'self care' in the context of diabetes management?

<p>Footcare Education (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What method is suggested for collecting references while managing studies?

<p>Endnote Online (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a tool used for systematic reviews in the research process?

<p>Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which content area focuses on the goals of improving diabetes management through education and support?

<p>Intervention (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main aim of the study conducted by Kruger and Guthrie?

<p>To investigate the effectiveness of podiatric education (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which group received hands-on teaching sessions as part of the intervention?

<p>Experimental group (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of educational material was provided to the comparator group?

<p>A videotape on foot care (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What follow-up duration was used to evaluate the effectiveness of the podiatric education?

<p>Six months (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following foot health actions was part of the study's intervention?

<p>Trimming toenails regularly (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many participants were in the experimental group?

<p>23 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did the study suggest might be influenced by the podiatric education?

<p>HbA1c levels (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following locations was identified as the geographical context of the study?

<p>USA (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary aim of the session led by Dr. Joanne Paton?

<p>To learn how to search, identify, read, and critique literature (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT one of the learning outcomes for the SoHP503 module?

<p>Create original research studies (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a critical component of the literature review section in a research project?

<p>Persuading the reader of the research's significance (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be included in the background and rationale of the proposed study?

<p>A critique of existing literature to identify research gaps (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How far back should the literature searches generally be limited for the assignment?

<p>10 years (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what format should the introduction of the project be presented?

<p>As a narrative written in one paragraph (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of identifying a research gap in the literature review?

<p>To justify the need for the proposed research (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is required in a literature review?

<p>Comprehensive references (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary conclusion of Vine's 2005 study regarding nurse led telephone triage?

<p>It took longer and cost more than GP consultations. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did patients express their preferences regarding nurse led consultations?

<p>They preferred being seen by a GP. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspect did Greenhalgh's seminal study focus on in its examination?

<p>The length of wait for treatment. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What significant limitation was noted in Greenhalgh's study on nurse substitution?

<p>It did not measure patient outcomes. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a key finding of Lattimer et al (2000) regarding nurses?

<p>Nurses could safely replace doctors in telephone triage. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what context did Vine's study become a respected work in nursing?

<p>It was the first large scale study on nurse-led care safety. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is NOT mentioned as an outcome measure in Greenhalgh’s study?

<p>Patient satisfaction scores. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of nurse-led care did patient preferences indicate?

<p>Patients desire direct interactions with physicians. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Literature Review

A comprehensive analysis of existing research on a topic, providing context, identifying gaps in knowledge, and justifying the need for new research.

References

The information used to support a claim or argument in a research paper.

Rationale

A concise and focused summary of the reasons why a particular research project is important and relevant.

Research Question

A statement that defines the specific area of interest and guides the research process.

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Critiquing Literature

The process of critically evaluating the strengths and weaknesses of research studies.

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Search Strategy

A specific strategy for finding relevant research articles, often involving keywords and databases.

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Research Gap

Identifying a knowledge gap or missing information in existing research.

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Impact of Research

The impact or potential benefits of answering a research question.

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PICO

A structured approach to formulating research questions by identifying the population, intervention, comparison, and outcome.

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PEO

Similar to PICO but focuses on population, exposure, outcome.

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Search terms

Keywords or phrases used to search for relevant research articles.

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Population (PICO/PEO)

Refers to the individuals who will benefit from the intervention or exposure under investigation.

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Intervention/Exposure (PICO/PEO)

The intervention, treatment, or exposure being studied.

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Comparison (PICO)

A comparable group or condition being used as a reference point for comparing outcomes.

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Outcome (PICO/PEO)

The outcome or effect that you are interested in measuring in the study.

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PubMed

A specific database designed to store, organize, and retrieve biomedical research literature.

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Research Rationale

The section in a research paper explaining the motivation behind the study, its significance and how it contributes to existing knowledge.

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Research Aim

A clearly stated objective of the research, outlining the desired outcome or goal. It should be achievable within the scope of the study.

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Research Objectives

Specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, and time-bound steps taken to address the research aim. They break down the aim into manageable components.

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PICO Framework

A framework used to structure a research question, ensuring it's clearly defined and answerable. It consists of four components: Patient or Population, Intervention or Exposure, Comparison or Control, and Outcome.

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Conclusion of a Literature Review

A concise and accurate summary that highlights the key findings and contributes back to the broader research area. It's usually positioned at the end of a research paper.

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Identifying Search Criteria and Key Terms

The process of identifying relevant keywords, phrases, or concepts used to search for information related to a specific research question or topic.

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Study aim

The specific aim or goal of a research study.

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Intervention group

The group that receives the experimental treatment or intervention being studied.

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Comparator group

The group that does not receive the experimental treatment and serves as a comparison point.

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Foot health actions

The specific actions or behaviors that participants are encouraged to perform related to their health.

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Healthcare setting

The type of setting where the research study takes place, e.g., a hospital or clinic.

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Number of participants

The number of individuals participating in the study, often denoted by 'N'.

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Year of study

The year the research study was conducted.

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Authors

The individuals who carried out the research study.

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Cohort Study

A research study where a large group of people is observed over time to see if a health outcome is related to a specific exposure or characteristic.

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Case Control Study

A research study that compares a group of people with a disease or condition (cases) to a group of people without the condition (controls) to identify factors that may have contributed to the condition.

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Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT)

A study designed to determine whether a new treatment or intervention is effective and safe compared to a standard treatment or placebo.

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Economic Evaluation

A research study that aims to assess the economic impact of a healthcare intervention or program on a group of people.

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Systematic Review

A systematic review of existing studies that synthesize the findings of multiple studies related to a specific research question.

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Seminal Studies

Studies that have significantly influenced a field of study and are widely recognized for their contribution to knowledge. These studies often set the stage for future research and are frequently cited.

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Comparable Performance

Similar performance between nurses and doctors in performing a specific procedure, such as cannulation, demonstrating nurses' ability to undertake expanded roles.

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Doctor-Nurse Substitution

The process of substituting nurses for doctors in specific roles, such as taking on a larger range of clinical tasks.

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Safety of Nurse-Led Telephone Triage

A study that assessed the safety of nurses taking on a specific task (telephone triage) by comparing the outcomes with doctors performing the same task. This study aimed to demonstrate whether nurses could safely replace doctors in this area.

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Large Sample Size

The use of a large enough sample size in a research study to allow researchers to identify and compare rare events, such as serious illnesses or deaths. This ensures statistically significant results.

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Vine (2005) Study

The study that assessed the safety of nurses doing telephone triage, using a large enough sample size to look at rare events, thus demonstrating nurse-led care was safe.

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Greenhalgh (1994) Study

The study that assessed the safety of nurses conducting venesection and cannulation, finding they performed comparably to doctors, demonstrating safe doctor-nurse substitution.

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Closer Examination of Study Detail

A critical analysis that goes beyond simply summarizing a study's findings to delve into the detailed methodology, strengths, and limitations of the research. It can help identify biases and limitations in the conclusions.

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Study Notes

Lecture 3: Perform a Comprehensive Literature Search (SoHP503 Project Studies)

  • The lecture is about performing a comprehensive literature search for SoHP503 Project studies
  • The aim is to learn how to search, identify, read and critique the best available and most relevant reviews, papers, and journals related to undergraduate research topics.
  • Learning outcomes include: judiciously selecting studies, assessing strengths and weaknesses of various studies, systematically searching relevant research literature, and comparing/contrasting empirical findings across multiple studies.
  • A literature review is vital for the introduction and background of a project.
  • The review must persuade the reader of the research's worth and refine the research question.
  • The review requires references.
  • A search strategy (e.g., PICO) does not need to be included in the proposal. It can be in an appendix.
  • The background and rationale should encompass an introduction to key areas, context, research gaps, impact of research, rationale for the project, and a clear statement regarding research impacts, aims, and objectives.
  • A research question (using PICO or similar), one research aim, and 2-5 research objectives are needed.

Literature Review Framework

  • A general introduction for providing context is necessary including a development of research rationale, a critical review of literature, and a conclusion.
  • Critical appraisal of relevant studies (published within the last 10 years) needs to include a brief description of studies, specifically the study's aim, sample size, methods, and main findings.
  • The critical review should not simply describe, but should critique aspects like validity, reliability, and the methodology of the studies in question. It should explore potential implications.
  • A conclusion that justifies the need for the study is required.
  • A clear aim, a statement of the research intention, is needed.
  • The research question should follow PICO (or a similar structure) to help guide the research.

Step 1: Identify your research topic area

  • Identify your research topic. An example is: Does diabetic footcare education improve self footcare in people with diabetes.
  • Conduct preliminary research by checking the internet and finding some relevant information.

Step 2: Identify your search criteria and key terms (PICO/PEO)

  • Use a structured approach using PICO/PEO for your search criteria
  • Organize these into a table using key terms and alternative terms.
  • Includes an example table

Step 3: Search for studies

  • Use electronic databases including PubMed, MEDLINE, CINAHL, AMED, Embase, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and PsycINFO.
  • Use EndNote Online and the library guide for effective management of references and full text documents.
  • Use the University of Plymouth Primo search tool.

Step 4: Data extraction

  • From the studies you've located, extract relevant information.
  • Look at factors like the healthcare setting, study aims, methods, key findings, etc. in order to describe the participants.

Step 5: Evaluate and critical appraisal

  • Critically appraise the literature that has been collated.
  • The aim is to synthesize the findings through comparing/contrasting relevant studies identified.
  • Use a model to facilitate critical thinking and evaluating identified literature.
  • The process involves description of the subject using 'Who?, Where?, When?, What?, Why?, How?, What if?, So What?, What next?', and 'Evaluation'.

Step 6: Plan your review

  • Employ a linear representation of critical analysis to develop the review.
  • Begin with questions like the context, background, participants, etc in relation to your study.

Step 7: Writing

  • Develop a writing plan including all necessary stages for drafting and editing.
  • Include a clear understanding of pre-writing and revision techniques.

Additional Considerations

  • Consider the clinical benefit of your research question in relation to your study.
  • Any questions can be directed to the discussion board.

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Related Documents

SoHP503 Literature Review PDF

Description

This lecture focuses on performing a comprehensive literature search essential for SoHP503 Project studies. Students will learn to identify, read, and critique relevant research papers and journals, enhancing their ability to conduct a literature review that supports their research question.

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