Software Testing Types and Techniques

Types of Testing

• Unit Testing:

  • Tests individual components or functions in isolation.
  • Aims to validate that each unit of the software performs as expected.

• Integration Testing:

  • Focuses on the interaction between integrated units or modules.
  • Helps identify interface defects between modules.

• Functional Testing:

  • Validates the software against functional requirements.
  • Involves testing user interactions to ensure the application behaves as intended.

• System Testing:

  • Tests the complete and integrated software product.
  • Aims to validate the end-to-end specifications and requirements.

• Acceptance Testing:

  • Determines whether the system meets the acceptance criteria.
  • Often conducted by end-users to validate usability and functionality.

Testing Techniques

• Black Box Testing:

  • Tests the software without knowledge of internal implementation.
  • Focuses on input-output validation.

• White Box Testing:

  • Tests the internal structures or workings of an application.
  • Requires knowledge of code and algorithms.

• Grey Box Testing:

  • Combines black box and white box testing strategies.
  • Useful for testing with limited knowledge of the internal workings.

Testing Levels

1. Static Testing:

   • Involves reviewing documentation, code, and requirements.
   • Focuses on identifying issues before execution (e.g., code reviews, static analysis).

2. Dynamic Testing:

   • Involves executing the code and validating output.
   • Can be manual or automated.

Testing Phases

• Planning:

  • Define the scope and objectives of testing.
  • Develop a testing strategy and resource allocation.

• Design:

  • Create test cases and test scripts based on requirements.
  • Ensure comprehensive coverage of functionalities.

• Execution:

  • Run the test cases and document results.
  • Report defects found during testing.

• Closure:

  • Evaluate cycle completion criteria and assess quality.
  • Generate test completion reports and document lessons learned.

Test Automation

• Involves using software tools to execute tests automatically.
• Benefits include increased efficiency, repeatability, and coverage.
• Common tools include Selenium, JUnit, and TestNG.

Key Metrics

• Test Coverage:

  • Measures the percentage of code or requirements covered by tests.

• Defect Density:

  • Number of defects confirmed in a component relative to its size.

• Test Execution Rate:

  • Number of executed test cases within a specific period.

Ensure to adapt testing practices based on the specific context, project needs, and team capabilities.

Types of Testing

• Unit Testing: Validates individual components or functions in isolation to ensure expected performance.
• Integration Testing: Assesses the interactions between integrated modules, identifying interface defects.
• Functional Testing: Confirms that the software meets functional requirements and behaves as intended during user interactions.
• System Testing: Evaluates the complete software product against end-to-end specifications and requirements.
• Acceptance Testing: Conducted by end-users to determine if the system meets acceptance criteria for usability and functionality.

Testing Techniques

• Black Box Testing: Evaluates software based solely on input-output without knowledge of internal implementation.
• White Box Testing: Tests internal structures and workings of the application using knowledge of code and algorithms.
• Grey Box Testing: Merges black box and white box strategies, valuable when testing with partial knowledge of internal workings.

Testing Levels

• Static Testing: Reviews documentation, code, and requirements before execution to identify issues (e.g., code reviews, static analysis).
• Dynamic Testing: Involves executing the code and validating its output, which can be performed manually or automated.

Testing Phases

• Planning: Establishes testing scope, objectives, strategy, and resource allocation.
• Design: Develops test cases and scripts based on requirements to ensure comprehensive coverage.
• Execution: Conducts test cases, documents results, and reports defects identified during testing.
• Closure: Assesses completion criteria, evaluates quality, generates reports, and documents lessons learned.

Test Automation

• Utilizes software tools for automatic test execution, enhancing efficiency, repeatability, and coverage.
• Common automation tools include Selenium, JUnit, and TestNG.

Key Metrics

• Test Coverage: Indicates the percentage of code or requirements addressed by tests.

• Defect Density: Relates the number of confirmed defects in a component to its size.

• Test Execution Rate: Measures the quantity of executed test cases over a specific time period.

• Adapt testing practices to align with specific project needs and team capabilities for optimal results.

This quiz covers various types of software testing including unit, integration, functional, system, and acceptance testing. Additionally, it delves into testing techniques such as black box and white box testing, providing insights into their purposes and methodologies. Perfect for those studying software development and quality assurance.