Software Testing Fundamentals

Software Testing is the process of evaluating a software application to ensure it meets specified requirements and functions as expected.

It helps detect errors, gaps, or missing requirements in comparison to actual requirements.

The main goal of testing is to identify and fix bugs or defects, ensuring high quality, reliability, and performance of the software.

<p>Reducing Risk</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Failure is the inability of a software application to perform a required function or deliver expected results under specified conditions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An error is a mistake or incorrect action made by a developer, which may cause unintended results in the software.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A defect is a deviation from the expected behaviour in the software due to an error in coding or design.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A bug is an informal term for a defect, fault, or flaw in software that prevents it from functioning as intended.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Careful observation to catch even small errors or bugs. It ensures thorough testing, so nothing important is missed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Breaking down complex software to understand each part and how they work together.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Knowing languages like Java or Python can be helpful, especially for automated testing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Knowing tools like Selenium, JIRA, or TestRail to handle automation, bug tracking, and test management.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The SDLC is a structured process that defines the stages of software development, from initial planning to deployment and maintenance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The STLC is a subset of the SDLC that focuses specifically on the testing phases of software development.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Clear communication to explain test results, issues, and improvements with developers and other team members.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ability to identify, analyse, and solve issues as they arise.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Planning and organizing to meet deadlines and prioritize tasks.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A test case is a set of actions executed to verify a specific feature or functionality of the software application.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Status</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Entry criteria are the conditions that must be met before testing can begin. These ensure that the testing process starts with all necessary preparations in place.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Access to test data is available</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Verification is the process of checking if the software product meets specified requirements and is being built correctly.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ensure that each phase of the development process is followed correctly and meets design specifications.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The V-Model is software development and testing approach where each stage of development directly links to a testing stage.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>This ensures the software meets specifications (Verification) and works as expected (Validation).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The V-model offers several advantages, including early problem detection, a structured and clear development process, a focus on user requirements, and improved quality.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>QA is a process-focused approach aiming to prevent defects in the software development process.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To ensure high quality by implementing and refining processes that minimize the chance of defects.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>QC is a product-focused approach aimed at identifying and fixing defects in the final product.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To detect and fix defects in the software to improve its functionality and reliability.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Static Testing is a method of testing where the code, requirements, and design documents are reviewed without executing the code.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Static testing offers several benefits, including early defect detection, cost-effectiveness, improved quality, and reduced testing time.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>White Box Testing is method where the internal structure, design, and coding of the software are known and tested.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It focuses on improving the code's efficiency, quality, and security by evaluating how functions, statements, and loops are executed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>White box testing offers significant benefits, including detailed code analysis, increased code quality, early error detection, and improved code security.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Black box testing has some limitations, including its limited coverage, difficulty in detecting logical errors, dependence on accurate documentation, and potential for overlooking code quality issues.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Requirement-Based Testing ensures that the software functions meet the requirements specified by the client or stakeholders.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It validates each feature against its requirement to check if it performs as expected.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Requirement-based testing helps ensure that the software effectively fulfills all user needs and expected functionalities.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Boundary Value Analysis focuses on testing the boundaries or edge values of input ranges, as these are more prone to errors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It tests minimum, maximum, and just-inside/outside boundary values of a range to catch errors around the boundaries.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Equivalence Partitioning divides inputs into equivalent sets or &quot;partitions&quot; where the system should behave the same for all values in each set.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To test one representative value from each partition to check if the software behaves correctly for that category, saving time and improving test coverage and reducing redundancy.</p> Signup and view all the answers